An Investigation into the Factors Affecting the Rate of the Reaction between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid A chemical reaction is the process by which atoms or groups of atoms are redistributed‚ resulting in a change in the molecular composition of substances. The reaction rate is how quickly a reaction occurs and this can be affected by four different factors: ¡¤ changing the surface area of any solids involved ¡¤ changing the concentration of reactants in solution ¡¤ changing the temperature
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Photosynthesis is a process done in the chloroplasts of plant cells that is beneficial to all of life. Plants are able to convert light to energy which is beneficial to the plants‚ while also giving off oxygen as a byproduct for humans. Chloroplasts are in the thylakoid discs of a plant cell‚ that contain chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b‚ which are it’s light-capturing pigments. Colors in the wavelengths are either absorbed or reflected by the chlorophyll in which case green is reflected and colors
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Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis All animals and most microorganisms rely on the continual uptake of large amounts of organic compounds from their environment. These compounds are used to provide both the carbon skeletons for biosynthesis and the metabolic energy that drives cellular processes. It is believed that the first organisms on the primitive Earth had access to an abundance of the organic compounds produced by geochemical processes‚ but that most of these original compounds were used up billions
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The effect of increasing substrate concentration on rate of an enzyme reaction. Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower a reactions activation energy making possible many of the reactions needed for life to exist. Enzymes have a high specificity which have been explained by many theories such as Fischer’s lock and key. Currently the most widely accepted theory is the induced fit hypothesis proposed by Koshland in 1958. This hypothesis solves some of the problems with the Lock and key theory
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Photosynthesis The leaves are the part of a plant where most photosynthesis takes place. If you cut a leaf in half and look at the cut end‚ it would look like this: Key: 1. Waxy cuticle: this gives the leaf a waterproof layer‚ which lets in light. 2. Upper epidermis: provides an upper surface. 3. Palisade cells: contain chloroplasts. 4. Spongy mesophyll: collection of damp‚ loosely packed cells. 5. Lower epidermis: layer of cells on the lower surface. 6. Air
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Photosynthesis review Short Answer 1. How do heterotrophs obtain energy? 2. What is ATP‚ and when is energy released from it? 3. Write the overall equation for photosynthesis in both symbols and words. 4. Photosystems I and II are both located in the thylakoid membrane. What advantage does their proximity provide? 5. What does the Calvin cycle do? 6. What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph? Give an example of each type of organism. 7. Explain how heterotrophs
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Aquaponics system is a food production system that combines conventional aquaculture‚ raising aquatic animals such as snails‚ fish‚ crayfish or prawns in tanks‚ with hydroponics cultivating plants in water in a symbiotic environment. In normal aquaculture‚ excretions from the animals being raised can accumulate in the water‚ increasing toxicity. In an aquaponic system‚ water from an aquaculture system is fed to a hydroponic system where the by-products are broken down by nitrogen-fixing bacteria
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Concentration The Problem In many colleges over 8% of the students report problems concentrating on their studies. Most of these students blame outside distractions for their problems. Many research studies manipulating noise levels and distractions have found that such disturbances may increase‚ decrease‚ or not even affect concentration. These researchers have therefore concluded that distracters don’t cause concentration problems directly. It is the way the distracters are interpreted
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Algae Could Solve World’s Fuel Crisis Von Philip Bethge Dan Robertson is working on algae that can produce biofuel. Genetically modified blue and green algae could be the answer to the world’s fuel problems. Bioengineers have already developed algae that produce ethanol‚ oil and even diesel -- and the only things the organisms need are sunlight‚ CO2 and seawater. For reasons of data protection and privacy‚ your IP address will only be stored if you are a registered user of Facebook and you
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Photosynthesis is a process that allows organisms to trap sunlight energy and convert it directly into potential chemical energy. Enzymes are required in order for the biochemical reactions to occur because they act as a catalyst to convert energy from sunlight into chemical potential energy. Two consecutive steps allow the photosynthesis process to take place. These steps are light-independent reactions‚ and light dependent reactions. The occurrences of Light-independent reactions happen in the
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