Experiment 2: Microscopy & Simple Staining September 30‚ 2013 General microbiology laboratory The invention of the microscope has opened up a whole new dimension in science. By using microscopes scientists were able to discover the existence of microorganisms‚ study the structure of cells‚ and see the smallest parts of plants‚ animals‚ and fungi. Today‚ the microscope is still a commonly used tool to diagnose illness in hospitals and clinics all over the world (1)
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T-φ gram Determination of Unreported Meteorological Quantities from T-φ gram 1. Mixing Ratio (W):- It is the ratio of the mass of water vapour to the mass of dry air containing the vapours at a certain temperature. It is expressed in gm/kg. On T-φ gram from dew point temperature we follow isohygric doted green line and read the value at the base. (It can be calculated at all levels where dew point temperature is available). 2. Saturation Mixing Ratio (Ws) :- Mixing ratio at
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INTRODUCTION The Gram Negative lab had two parts; the aim of the first part is to determine the concentration of gram negative bacteria in a water sample collected from a creek near Providence Road‚ Strickling. Gram negative bacteria have a cytoplasmic membrane‚ a thin peptidoglycan layer‚ and an additional outer membrane composed of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides. Because gram negative bacteria have a relatively thin cell wall when compared to gram positive organisms‚ they are consequently
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February 2011 Vol 55 Chief Editor : Neeta Prasad Joint Director (Prod) : J.K. Chandra Editor : Manogyan R. Pal Cover Design : Manjula Das E-mail (Editorial) : editoryojana@hotmail.com : yojanace@gmail.com (Circulation) : pdjucir_ jcm@yahoo.co.in Website : www.yojana.gov.in Let noble thoughts come to us from every side Rig Veda CONTENTS Grassroots Level Democracy in India : An Assessment...........................................................................5 Mathew
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D4 H and E staining procedures Haematoxylin and eosin staining is a technique used by pathologists to add definition to nuclei and other parts of a cell in tissue samples under a microscope so that they can see it better when analysing the cells form and abnormalities. The H&E technique is the most commonly used in histology and the diagnoses of malignancies is based largely on the results of this procedure. The dyes will specifically stain elements of a cell or tissue because the dyes have a high
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Endospore and Capsule Cell Staining Allison Lui Partner: Mary Chagin BIOL-235 W07 Dr. Runco 2/10/15 Introduction The purpose of this lab is to learn what endospore and capsules are‚ and how to identify them under a microscope using capsule and endospore staining methods. Capsules are found only in select bacteria‚ and serve a protective purpose. Made out of sugars and proteins‚ they are antiphagocytic‚ which prevents other cells to engulf the bacteria through phagocytosis. It
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As mentioned above‚ bacterial growth rates during the phase of exponential growth‚ under standard nutritional conditions (culture medium‚ temperature‚ pH‚ etc.)‚ define the bacterium’s generation time. Generation times for bacteria vary from about 12 minutes to 24 hours or more. The generation time for E. coli in the laboratory is 15-20 minutes‚ but in the intestinal tract‚ the coliform’s generation time is estimated to be 12-24 hours. For most known bacteria that can be cultured‚ generation times
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The methylene blue staining procedure is used to measure yeast viability based on the assumption that the methylene blue will enter the cells and be broken down by living yeast cells that produce the enzymes which breaks down methylene blue‚ leaving the cells colourless. The non- viable cells do not produce this enzyme (or enzymes) and as such the methylene blue that enters the cells are undegraded causing the cells to remain coloured (the oxidized form concentrates intracellularly). The coloured
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completely‚ colorless ion. PROCEDURE I. Standardization of permanganate solution Use distilled water at all times throughout the experiment. (1) Weigh three clean dry labeled 125 mL erlenmyer flasks on an analytical balance. Place about 0.135 grams of oxalic acid dihydrate‚ H2C204.2H20‚ into each of the three separate flasks and reweigh the flasks containing the acid. (2) Set up a buret with KMnO4 solution to be standardized by titration. (3) Dissolve each acid sample in about 25
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The Art of the Conclusion The conclusion of an essay should establish a sense of closure or completeness that leaves the reader with lingering thoughts about the topic. Each writer has their own approach in composing a conclusion that they feel solidifies their argument; every approach makes different demands of a reader because of the moves the writer chooses to make. The essays “How to Tame a Wild Tongue” by Gloria Anzaldua‚ “Translating Translation” by Alberto Alvaro Rios‚ and “Joyas Voladoras”
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