Sociological Approach Sociological critics believe that the relations of art to society are important. Art is not created in a vacuum. Language itself is a social product. A writer is a member of the society. And he takes his material from the society. A literary piece is not simply the work of a person. It is of an author fixed in time‚ space and his environment. Taine‚ the French man‚ said that literature is the consequence of the moment‚ the race‚ and the milieu. Edmund Wilson traces
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The concept of establishing a relationship between the therapist and client traces back to psychoanalytic theory written by Freud (1912). He believed in encouraging positive transference to help patients achieve self-awareness and thus maintain the motivation to continue collaborating with the therapist (Corey‚ 2005). More famously known for his theory on emphasizing the importance of developing a trusting relationship between the therapist and client is Carl Rogers. Rogers (1957) believed that the
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BEHAVIORISM Fred Luthans‚ James B. Avey and Brett Luthans Definition Behaviorism is a theoretical foundation with roots in psychology with an intentional focus on observable‚ measurable behavior as the primary unit of analysis (Luthans‚ Youssef‚ & Luthans‚ 2005). Behaviorism systematically analyzes the relationships between an individual’s behavior and environmental contingencies. The study and practice of behaviorism emphasizes predicting and controlling/managing behavior and thus is especially
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Approaches to early childhood education The Montessori Approach Maria Montessori (1870-1952) was born in Chiaraville‚ Italy. She was the first woman to enter medical school and “In july 1896 she became the first woman to gradute from the university of rome medical school and qualify as a doctor” (Flood & Hardy.2013) Montessori realised the importance of providing children with the right stimulation from her work wiith vunerable children in a psychiatric clinic in rome . Many of Montessori’s innovative
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TEACHING ENGLISH Background The origins of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) are to be found in the changes in the British language teaching tradition dating late 1960s. Until then‚ situation of Language Teaching represented the major British approach to teaching English as foreign language. In situational language teaching‚ language was taught by practicing basic structure in meaningful situation-based activities. But just as the linguistics theory underlying audio-Lingualism was rejected in
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ASSESSMET ONE- ESSAY MILENA TRALJIC This assessment analyses the social work intervention process from the point of view of an empowerment approach. It outlines the ways in which the empowerment approach can be beneficial to social work clients and professional social workers. This assessment summarises and explains the empowerment approach and how social workers can empower themselves before helping empower their clients‚ as well as strategies to assist social workers and clients to take their
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POSITIVE APPROACH Attitude is the most important trait that lifts a man from his present position to the top most. A person who is very positive will spread his positive spirit in al the directions which helps him in unbelievable achievements. This is hard fact of life that whatever be the status of a man‚ his positive attitude always makes him to be the top in his crowd. I have seen many of my superiors and colleagues‚ who were totally negative in their approach‚ had been written off from
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itself. 4. An enhancement of the learner’s own personal experiences as important contributing elements to classroom learning. 5. An attempt to link classroom language learning with language activities outside the classroom. The Communicative Approach emphasizes that the ability to use language appropriately is another essential aspect of communicative competence. The principle applied here is that grammatical competence and lexical knowledge are not enough to enable students to operate efficiently
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Humanistic The humanistic approach studies the whole of an individual including their uniqueness. Psychologists look at a human’s behaviour not only through the eyes of the observer‚ but also through the eyes of the individual displaying the behaviour. Psychologists believe that an individual’s behaviour is connected to their feelings and self-concept. The humanistic theory focuses on reinforcement of stimulus-response behaviour. The hierarchy of needs is one of the best known theories of motivation
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so much about the past the individual replay the situation over and their head. I feel Stan often dreams about his past and my hope would be to report something in which are symbolic clues to his anxieties. Corey use the free association technique approach on Stan which made Stan talk freely about things that came to his mind association with the words Corey used. I feel the approbation Stan’s brother and sister received from the father really discourage Stan way of thinking about himself. My goal
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