An adaptive radiation was defined by Schluter (2000)‚ as "the evolution of ecological diversity‚ within a rapidly multiplying lineage". Species can go through an adaptive radiation (involving a diversification of that species)‚ in response to having invaded a vacant ecological niche. It is thought the ability to do this‚ can be attributed to one or more key innovations developed by this species (i.e. the species has developed a new key innovation’‚ which makes it possible to invade new niche‚ that
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International Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences 6 2012 Estimation of Electromagnetic Radiation from Base Station Antenna R. K. Singh Abstract—In the present paper‚ an observation of electromagnetic radiation from base station antennas installed for various communication purposes has been done on the basis of equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) calculations. For this purpose‚ a typical wireless communication site has been selected where GSM‚ CDMA‚ 3G/UMTS and WiMAX antennas are
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radioactivity is the treatment of cancer. Yes‚ radiation therapy is utilized for treatment of many types of cancers. Radiotherapy: a method to destroy cancer cells by irradiation with radioactive isotopes or X-rays. a. Explain briefly how radioactivity can cure some types of cancer. beta particles can cure skin cancer but not inside the body The main scooby dooby on this is that the biological damage done to some kinds of cells by exposure to radiation is greater than others. And we frequently see
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simulations show that a combined use of textiles with the right properties as a shield provides great possibilities for reduction of the RF effects over the human body. This can be proved from the results obtained at probe 1 which estimate the amount of RF radiation below the skin layer‚ are showing that the average SAR level with all kinds of shielding materials is ≥ 400 % lower than in the case without shielding (in the case with both shielding materials the reduction is > 300 times in the strength of the
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The effect of mobile phone radiation on human health is the subject of recent interest and study‚ as a result of the enormous increase in mobile phone usage throughout the world (as of June 2009‚ there were more than 4.3 billion users worldwide). Mobile phones use electromagnetic in the microwave range. Other digital wireless systems‚ such as data communication networks‚ produce similar radiation. The WHO has classified mobile phone radiation on the IARC scale into Group 2B - possibly carcinogenic
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Light Absorption by Photosynthetic Pigments in Silver Beet Abstract The aim of the experiment was to determine the absorption of differing wavelengths of light by individual pigments in the vegetable silver beet. Pigments were extracted from silver beet leaves and separated into chlorophyll a‚ chlorophyll b‚ and carotene via chromatographs. Chlorophylls were then separated and an absorption spectra created using results obtained from a spectrophotometer. It was clear there were two distinct peaks
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Jacque Lazarus NT 1310 Unit 7 Exercise 1 Fiber Optics –Definitions Crosstalk – Electronics undesired signals or sounds‚ as of voices‚ in a telephone or other communications device as a result of coupling between transmission circuits. Waveguides - A system of material boundaries in the form of a solid dielectric rod or dielectric-filled tubular conductor capable of guiding high-frequency electromagnetic waves. FTTH – Fiber-to-the-home the fiber reaches the boundary of the living space
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1.0 TITLE Heat Conduction- Simple Bar 2.0 OBJECTIVES Investigate Fourier’s law for linear conduction of heat along simple bar 3.0 THEORY Conduction Heat Transfer Conduction is the heat transfer by means of molecular agitation within a material without any motion of the material as a whole. If the one end of the metal rod is at a higher temperature‚ then energy will be transferred down the rod toward the colder end because the higher speed particles will collide with the slower ones with
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It’s all around us. Radiation is categorized into two groups: ionizing‚ and non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation consists of particles‚ gamma rays‚ or X-rays with sufficient energy to create ionization in the medium it passes through. It has enough energy so that while an interaction with an atom takes place it can withdraw tightly bound electrons from an atom‚ thus making the atom charged or ionized. It includes alpha particles‚ beta particles‚ and gamma rays. Ionizing radiation has made a large impact
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Tower Radiation by Karen J. Rogers The safety of cell phone towers is the subject of extensive scientific debate. There is a growing body of scientific evidence that the electromagnetic radiation they emit‚ even at low levels‚ is dangerous to human health. The cell phone industry is expanding quickly‚ with over 100‚000 cell phone towers now up across the U.S.‚ which is expected to increase ten-fold over the next five years. The industry has set what they say are “safe levels” of radiation exposure
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