38 Family and LifeStyle DRAFT July 2009 Contents Page 7 Food Preparation Technology 7.1 Food preparation techniques 2 7.2 Time- and labour-saving devices 2 7.2.1 Electric beaters 3 7.2.2 Mincers 3 7.2.3 Liquidisers 3 7.2.4 Blenders 4 7.2.5 Mixers 4 7.2.6 Food processors 4 7.2.7 Ice-cream makers 5 7.3 Food cooking processes 5 7.3.1 Scientific principles and types of heat transference 5 7.3.2 Cooking methods 8
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Insulation has been used to keep heat in and keep out air for a long time. Fiberglass insulation can be described as glass fibers combined with other materials (Sheppard‚ 2012). It has different materials in it that help the material insulate. The material is also chosen very commonly because of the cost efficient price on this insulation (Thermaxx Jackets‚ 2011). In an overall view‚ fiberglass insulation is chosen by more people from the efficient and inexpensive price compared to the other insulations
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P1a 1.1 Thermal Radiation * Thermal or heat radiation is the transfer of energy by infra-red waves. * Thermal radiation is energy transfer by electromagnetic waves. * All objects emit thermal radiation. * The hotter an object‚ the more thermal radiation it emits. * Heat radiation can travel through a vacuum. 1.2 Surfaces and Radiation * Dark‚ matt surfaces are better emitters of thermal radiation than light‚ shiny surfaces. * Dark‚ matt surfaces
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fluid. It occurs at a solid/liquid interface due to convection heat transfer from the solid and usually occurs at surface temperatures higher than the saturation temperature of the fluid Agitation of fluid by vapor bubbles provides large convection coefficients Modified Newton’s law of cooling qs’’ h Ts Tsat Te • • • BOILING – CLASSIFICATON – Pool Boiling - the liquid is quiescent and its motion near the surface is due to free convection and mixing induced by bubble growth and detachment
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Heat‚ Kinetic Energy and Temperature SCI 110 02/01/2013 The study of heat relate to Kinetic theory of matter is that universe is made up of matter and energy. Matter is made up of atoms and molecules. Atoms and molecules are always in motion because energy. Energy forces them to contact into each other or vibrate back and forth. When this happens molecules and atoms
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Thermal Conductivity Heat can be transferred in three different ways: convection‚ radiation and conduction. Conduction is the way heat is transferred in a solid‚ and therefore is the way it is transferred in a heat sink. Conduction occurs when two objects with different temperatures come into contact with one another. At the point where the two objects meet‚ the faster moving molecules of the warmer object crash into the slower moving molecules of the cooler object. When this happens‚ the faster
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Lecture 1 Which gases are the primary constituents of the atmosphere 78% Nitrogen‚ 21% Oxygen‚ 1% Argon‚ .038% carbon dioxide‚ .002% Others What is the difference between weather and climate? Weather= atmospheric conditions at a particular time & place. (Temp‚ pressure‚ humidity‚ cloud cover‚ etc) Climate= the average weather over a long period of time. (long-term weather data) What is the difference between satellites and radar? Satellites view clouds from space Radar view precipitation
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Climate: animation -audio http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/tabpages/hq7c/c25/s01/vc01/hq7c_c25s01_vc01fs.htm • Climate is the average weather in an area across a span of time determined by the temperature and precipitation. • Latitude‚ wind patterns‚ geography and ocean currents are all factors that define climate. • Range from Tropical Desert‚ Tropical Rainforest‚ Temperate Desert‚ or Temperate Rainforest. GCMs – Computer models – study climate change video http://www.sandi.net/cms/lib/CA01001235/Centricity/Domain/7724/video/Global
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Q. A young hiker has been on a long walk. He is now sitting in front of a small campfire‚ drinking a hot cup of soup. It is dark and a frost is beginning to form on his tent. Explain the hiker’s heat gains and losses‚ and what mechanisms would come into effect to keep his temperature at the desired 37ºC. Humans are subject to vast changes in environmental temperatures‚ but our complex biochemical systems have a major limitation in that enzymes only operate within a relatively narrow temperature
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certain degree of independence from the environment. Regulating body temperature is one instance where homeostasis occurs (Thermoregulation). Some methods are conduction‚ where the body absorbs/removes heat via contact surfaces; convection‚ which is the upward flow of warm air or the downward flow of cold air past the body; radiation‚ where heat is transferred/received via infrared waves on non-contact surfaces; evaporation where water on the body is evaporated giving a cooling effect. To maintain
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