Feb 2013 Lesson 2.3: Financial Management: Program/Budget Execution Budget Allocation Process (Apportionment) After Congress passes the DOD Appropriations Bill and the President signs it‚ then the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) distributes the Budget Authority to the DOD. This distribution is called Apportionment. The funds can then be obligated for the programs and needs defined in the budget development process. Flow of Funds The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) apportions funds (Budget
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interest groups will rate candidates based on their roll call votes. Also‚ interest groups create political action committees. They can send mail‚ advertise‚ stage rallies‚ and campaign door-to-door. These PACs can contribute money either directly to the candidate or indirectly by funding campaign activities. Interest groups use iron triangles to influence elections by giving funds to committees who pay attention to them‚ and they work together to achieve common goals. In amicus curiae briefs‚ interest
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Three Elements of Lawmaking That Uphold the People’s Democracy I believe the three most critical elements of lawmaking are Committee Action‚ Conference Action‚ and Presidential Signing or Veto with possible Congressional ⅔ Vote because these elements allow for public wants to be realized while keeping branches of the government in check and therefore creating revised bills that will reflect their proper intent as a law. Even though all of the Elements of Lawmaking are important steps into turning
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What can congress do to influence the bureaucracy? In ordinary usage‚ “bureaucracy” refers to a complex‚ specialized organization composed of non-elected‚ highly trained professional administrators and clerks hired on a full-time basis to perform administrative services and tasks. Bureaucratic organizations are broken up into specialized departments or ministries‚ to each of which is assigned responsibility for pursuing a limited number of the government’s many official goals and policies those
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complex institution and the bulk of work on legislation consists of what members do in committees‚ congress deals with a lot of things in different areas so in order for a member to become an expert in the subject area and manage workloads congress relies heavily on a committee system. The four types of congressional committees are standing committees‚ select committees‚ conference committees‚ and joint committees. A standing committee is a permanent committee that exists in both the House and the
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on the principle of a constitutional republic‚ allowing all citizens the congressional rights to voice their opinions on public policy. In fact‚ all Americans have political advocates working for them in some form. Businesses‚ industries and groups with concerns that might be affected by public policies can use advocates to influence the officials who make policies. Lobbying‚ grassroots efforts‚ and political action committees are all among ways to advocate opinions and information to our government
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that exists within our government and key actors from the food industry‚ food science‚ and the media. An iron triangle is a closed‚ mutually supportive relationship that exists between government agencies‚ special interest groups‚ and legislative committees with jurisdiction over an area of government policy. In other words‚ the government issues guidelines on how Americans should eat‚ the food industry creates products to meet the need of Americans’ innate taste for sweet‚ sour‚ bitter‚ and salty
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can be destructive on the government. Their work includes managing small political offices‚ serving on committees that have to deal with executive branch activities‚ participating in general legislative work‚ keeping track of their own political business‚ and educating the public on certain issues. The many jobs of a congress member are complex and take time to master. Most of the congressional-bashing actually complains about high reelection
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general authority to expose the private affairs of individuals. Issue: Did the activities by HUAC incorporate an unconstitutional use of congressional power? Holding: (Vote: 6-1) No. The statute is unconstitutional because congress possesses no general authority to expose the private affairs of individuals and the HUAC were exceeded the scope of congressional power because
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Independence. C) Bill of Rights. D) Declaration of the Rights of Man. E) Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 2. The vote was extended to women in 1920 as a result of A) presidential executive order. B) passage of the Nineteenth Amendment. C) congressional mandate. D) a Supreme Court decision. E) individual state decisions. 3. Through which pathway have Native American activists succeeded in their attempts to recover some of the debt owned them by the United States government? A) the court
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