Public Relations Review 39 (2013) 377–386 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Public Relations Review “Fracking democracy”: Issue management and locus of policy decision-making in the Marcellus Shale gas drilling debate Michael F. Smith a‚∗ ‚ Denise P. Ferguson b a b Department of Communication‚ La Salle University‚ 1900 W. Olney Ave.‚ Philadelphia‚ PA 19141‚ United States Department of Communication‚ Pepperdine University‚ 24255 Pacific Coast Hwy‚ Malibu‚ CA 90263‚ United States a r t
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Aquifers are being depleted at an increasing rate and our water tables are sinking. We must reduce our water usage‚ while still maintaining our human needs. Fracking must be stopped‚ not only does it pollute people’s drinking water‚ it also depletes our aquifers. When fracking occurs water is forced way below our water tables‚ never to be accessed again. IN this age we cannot afford to waste water in that way. Countries living in desert-like conditions should not expand their agriculture. Expanding
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for energy development.[Hydro-fracking is different from conventional natural gas drilling because it uses a lot more water (billions of gallons). There’s an increased potential for toxicity and long term impacts in hydro-fracking as well. It also has several environemental impacts‚ including habitat disturbance and water contamination. These are all new components‚ which differ from the original horizontal drilling of gas. These new factors‚ emerging from hyrdro-fracking‚ has been an on going contraversy
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Fracking can be both good and bad in today’s world. Fracking can be good in many ways such as its an alternative use for fuel because we use so much each day. This means that we have more gas and oil to use for cooking‚ heating and powering out cars‚ for instance. Also‚ it reduces the amount of toxic chemicals in the earth’s surface because it uses so much water. With oil and gas being pumped from the ground locally then the energy cost around the country will be cheaper instead of having them shipped
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to be drilled with a drill pipe and drill bit past the ground water level a few thousand feet down. Step 1: Vertical well begins to be drilled with a drill pipe and drill bit past the ground water level a few thousand feet down. Steps In The Fracking Process Step 5: Both the drill pipe and drill bit are put back into the well and the drilling continues. Another layer of casing and cement is added for a second permanent behavior. The whole vertical drilling process costs about $663‚000 Step
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Running head: FRACKING AND THE ENVIRONMENT The Effects of Hydraulic Fracturing and the Potential for Solutions Mark Hatcher ITT Technical Institute Full of beauty and bounty‚ for all who seek it‚ the dream of that new discovery or the find of a lifetime‚ awaits us whose desire is to have the plan that will fulfill a destiny‚ if we only work together and are determined to rise above the challenges to meet the aspiration. Those who believe and are willing to reach beyond normal capacity are
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Controversy: The Environmental and Political Effects of Fracking Audrey M. Saxton‚ PP‚ PLS The Controversy Do the economic benefits of fracking outweigh the risks to the environment? The Players In favor of fracking are oil/natural gas companies and utilities‚ particularly Drilling/Natural Gas Companies: Hundreds of private and publicly-held American and international oil/natural gas companies‚ led by the likes of oil giants BP‚ Chevron and ConocoPhillips‚ make substantial profits as a result
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destroyed‚ property damaged‚ and water supplies polluted. This is all from oil companies fracking into our planet. Many may ask‚ “why has fracking become such a big deal when the process has been around since the 1940’s?” Oil companies have designed a new way to frack to get the most of the oil and natural gas out of the earth; this process is called horizontal drilling. Horizontal drilling has made fracking become a problem all around the globe (Brantley). This process has enabled engineers to inject
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believe that fracking causes earthquakes. I believe that fracking does not cause earthquakes at all. Due to the research I have found‚ the articles have changed my opinion. I previously thought fracking caused earthquakes. Let me tell you the facts that could prove fracking does not cause earthquakes. The main cause of the increase in earthquakes in the central United States is due to the use of wastewater disposal. Wastewater disposal uses a lot more than fracking. When fracking occurs it is
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The Good‚ Bad and Ugly of Fracking There is a gold rush going on right now. Man is breaking the earth‚ looking for natural gas. It’s a mad scene‚ with hucksters on every side of the issue. There is a lot going on underground and that process is called Fracking. The word alone can stir up controversy. The process of extracting natural gas through hydraulic fracturing or “fracking‚” might summon in someone’s imagination an environment and damaged communities. Natural gas hides from sight it is invisible
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