Schism mid 9th century: Photius‚ Patriarch of Constantinople made first deliberate attempt to serve the Greek Church from the West. Disagreements ranged from a celibate priesthood to the filioque clause in the Creed‚ to the use of unleavened bread in the Eucharist‚ omitting the alleluia during Lent‚ etc. • Patriarch Michal Cerularius declared the use of unleavened bread in the Holy Eucharist invalid and closed all Latin Rite Churches in Constantinople. Pope Leo IX excommunicated Cerularius and the
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growing resentment and harsh tactics from both sides‚ creating tension even before their arrival in Constantinople on October 4th. For Emperor Manuel‚ ending the war with the Seljuk Turks was a pragmatic decision given the more immediate threat posed by the French and German soldiers at his gates. He was aware of the extremist elements within both camps advocating for an assault on Constantinople. To prevent such an outcome‚ Manuel insinuated to the Franks that they were in danger from a large Turkish
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THE HUNDRED YEARS ’ WAR 1337-1453 The Hundred Years War was the last great medieval war. It was a war not just between Kings‚ but lesser nobles were also able to pursue their own personal agendas while participating in the larger conflict. Future wars saw far less factionalism‚ at least on the scale found in medieval conflicts. The Hundred Years War was actually dozens of little wars and hundreds of battles and sieges that went on for over a century until both sides were exhausted
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The Hundred Years’ War‚ 1336-1453 Western Europe in 1328 CAUSES The Battle for Flanders Flanders had grown to be the industrial center of northern Europe and had become extremely wealthy through its cloth manufacture. It could not produce enough wool to satisfy its market and imported fine fleece from England. England depended upon this trade for its foreign exchange. During the 1200’s‚ the upper-class English had adopted Norman fashions and switched from beer to wine. (Note that beer and
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Christian pilgrims visiting there. Byzantium quickly saw the Seljuk Turks as a threat‚ and in 1071‚ met them at the Battle of Manzikert in Asia Minor. The Byzantines were slaughtered and it would not be long until the Seljuk Turks closed in on Constantinople. Byzantium’s only hope rested on the shoulders of Emperor Alexius I Comnenus who quickly raised a mercenary army to help protect Byzantium. Alexius knew‚ however‚ that this army would not be enough to hold off the Turks‚ and going against his
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of San Marco after the Fourth Crusade from the Venetian booty of Constantinople and is one of the most prized glass objects of the Byzantine period (The MET). Although despite its significance to Byzantine fine art‚ the bowl’s origins‚ significance‚ and date of creation are unknown and still highly debated topics amongst art historians. However‚ many art historians believe that the bowl comes from the eleventh century in Constantinople. It is currently the only piece of painted Byzantine glass to survive
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the context and both positive and negative effects. As well as my judgement of this event of the Catholic Church today. The Great Schism is also known as East - West Schism took place in 1054. This remarkable event was led by the patriarch of Constantinople‚ Michael Cerularius and Pope Leo IX. This event separated the Eastern churches and the Western churches. The causes of the schism included political‚ cultural‚ economic‚ and social differences in the Catholic Church. One main cause was the disputes
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This essay will be devoted to my visit to my native county “Turkey”. I was born and raised in the United States. New York City. I grew up here in the United States‚ Brooklyn area. I have a mixed culture since I grew up here. My parents wanted me to have the originally Turkish culture. My parents wanted us to visit Turkey to keep with our native culture. Since I was born in the United States‚ I have never visited Turkey. In this essay‚ I will explain my first visit experience. Prior to
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basilica located in Istanbul‚ Turkey (Zucker & Harris‚ n.d). The city of Istanbul was once called Constantinople and was the capital of the once powerful Roman Empire (Zucker & Harris‚ n.d). It was founded by Constantine I‚ the first roman emperor to embrace Christianity (Zucker & Harris‚ n.d). The Hagia Sophia was constructed in the 6th century A.D during a time of internal turmoil in Constantinople (Zucker & Harris‚ n.d). Justine I‚ the emperor at that time‚ decided to create this church not only
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important Early Christian writer | 10. Yellow Turban uprising- The Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out in 184 AD in China during the reign of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty | 11. Diocletian- Diocletian was a Roman Emperor from 284 to 305. | 12. Constantinople- was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire‚ the Latin and the Ottoman Empire. | 13. Huns- The Huns were a group of nomadic people who first appeared from east of the Volga River | 14. Visigoths- The Visigoths were one of two main branches
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