PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION CONCEPT OF CONSTITUTION CONSTITUTION defined. A constitution is “that body of rules and maxims in accordance with which the powers of sovereignty are habitually exercised.” Broadly speaking‚ every state has some kind of a constitution—a leading principle that prevails in the “administration of its government until it has become an understood part of its system‚ to which obedience is expected and habitually yielded.” (Cooley‚ 1868) In a restricted sense‚ the Constitution of the
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law replaced the Malay-Muslim law as the basic law‚ the country has exercised the doctrine of the constitutional supremacy. Unlike Malaysia‚ the British constitution isn’t the supreme law of the land; instead they practice the doctrine of parliamentary supremacy. The doctrine however is important for several reasons. Firstly is that one should appreciate the constitution to differentiate the Malaysian constitutional system than the British constitutional system. Even though the country’s constitutional
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CHAPTER 1 - MALAYSIA POLITICAL & LEGAL SYSTEM 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Formation of Malaysia Malaysia was formed on 16 September 1963 by federating the then independent Federation of Malaya with Singapore‚ North Borneo (renamed as Sabah later) and Sarawak. On 9 August 1965‚ Singapore separated from the federation and became a fully independent Republic. Malaysia now comprises thirteen states and three Federal Territories. 1.1.2 Political and Legal System Malaysia has a bicameral Parliament consisting
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Structure of Malaysia Government The Government of Malaysia refers to the Federal Government or national government authority based in the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and the federal executive based in Putrajaya. Malaysia is a federation of 13 states operating within a constitutional monarchy under the Westminster parliamentary system and is categorized as a representative democracy. The federal government of Malaysia adheres to and is created by the Federal Constitution of Malaysia‚ the supreme
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Corporate Structure Organization structure Corporate Culture TM Group has a formal organisation structure with clearly defined lines of responsibility and authorities to facilitate quick response in the evolving business environment‚ effective supervision of day-to-day business conduct and accountability for operation performance. The roles of Central Functions (Corporate Centres) have been strengthened to provide guidance related to specific core function
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A constitution is the fundamental principles of government in a nation‚ either implied in its laws‚ institutions‚ and customs‚ or embodied in one fundamental document. The U.S. Constitution was completed on September 17‚ 1789 and has served as a model for the constitutions of many other nations. The constitution of the United States of America is the oldest written national constitution in use and consists of twenty-seven amendments. The state of Texas has had six constitutions. The constitution
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States have the most prevailing constitution considering that it has been around for over two centuries. Such a constitution is looked upon for the foundation of other foreign countries constitutional ideas; this is due to the fact that the American constitution is a mixed constitution. Aristotle stated that for a mixed constitution to work‚ the middle class citizens must be stronger in forms of government than to the rich and the poor. The best mixed constitution would be one of oligarchy and democracy
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This article examines the direction of ethnic politics in Malaysia by investigating the 2008 election results and the subsequent political maneuverings of political parties following the election. The results do not clearly demonstrate the demise of ethnic politics; however‚ the communal political paradigm of the Barisan Nasional Party (BN) has become increasingly ineffective in its attempts to appease both Malay and non-Malay communities. Following the election‚ the BN seems to have moved towards
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in Asia‚ 53 countries in Europe‚ 7 countries in Oceania‚ 44 countries in Africa‚ 11 countries in South America and 19 countries in Caribbean‚ Central and North America. On 7th April 2014‚ the Goods and Services Tax was passed in Dewan Rakyat Malaysia with 119 votes for and 81
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LESSON 2 COLONIAL ERA 1.0 Introduction In the name of Allah‚ Most Gracious‚ Most Merciful Do you know that Malaysia was once a colonized land? For Malaysian students‚ do you remember how long this country was colonized? Could you please tell your foreign colleagues? For your information‚ this country was colonized approximately 446 years (from 1511 until 1957). Then‚ before this country secures it independence‚ it had experienced the era of emergency after the Japenese left the country. Thus‚ in
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