Essay 1 The Constitution of the United States created the form of government known as federalism. The national and state governments each have specific powers and functions‚ while also sharing some of the same powers. The Constitution made the agreement that any laws passed under the constitution would be the supreme law of the land. Three separate branches were created; the legislative‚ executive‚ and judicial. **********The new Constitution resolved the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
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France is an independent nation in Western Europe and the center of a large overseas administration. It is the third-largest European nation after Russia and Ukraine. In ancient times France was part of the Celtic territory known as Gaul or Gallia. Its present name is derived from the Latin Francia‚ meaning "country of the Franks‚" a Germanic people who conquered the area during the 5th century‚ at the time of the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It became a separate country in the 9th century
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In the early 1930’s‚ war was forming in Europe. Totalitarian dictators were strongly influencing their countries‚ and those around them. The most prominent dictators consisted of Benito Mussolini of Italy‚ Josef Stalin of Russia‚ and Adolf Hitler of Germany. The United States didn’t want to get sucked into another war that wasn’t their problem‚ so they proclaimed neutrality with the Neutrality Acts of 1935‚ 1936‚ 1937‚ and later 1939. On December 7‚ 1941‚ Pearl Harbor‚ Hawaii was attacked by Japan
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From 1801-1817 there was a clear separation of the United States. The Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties were in strong opposition of one another. Though the Republicans were usually characterized as strict constructionists‚ who were opposed to the broad constructionism of the Federalists‚ both Jefferson and Madison’s presidencies highlighted Federalist ideals in many of their decisions. This included Jefferson’s unconstitutional decision in purchasing the vast Louisiana territory and
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Supreme Court is the highest federal court in the United States. This court has a higher power than any other court in the nation meaning that they alone decide the meaning of the constitution. The Supreme Court has nine justices that decide the constitutionality of cases that petition them. The Supreme Court derives their power through “judicial review” Judicial review is the act of declaring of a law or act of another branch as constitutional or not. The supreme court has had the power of judicial
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Racial and ethnic discrimination have had a long history in the United States‚ beginning with the importation of African slaves in the seventeenth century. The U.S. Civil War and the Thirteenth Amendment may have ended slavery‚ but they did not end racial discrimination. In fact‚ the U.S. legal system embraced for over 70 years a system of state-sponsored racial Segregation in schools‚ transportation‚ and public accommodations. In addition‚ blacks and other minorities were denied the vote. Ethnic
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without first exhausting all state judicial remedies. Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act of 1871‚ which imposes civil liability on any person who deprives another of constitutional rights‚ became a vehicle inmates could use to challenge the constitutionality of the conditions of prison life. In another significant case‚ Robinson v. California (1962)‚ the Court extended the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment to the states. Today‚ the Court recognizes that prisoners
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1) Validity of Marriage: a) Formal validity of marriage: The formal requirements for the conclusion of a marriage are governed by the lex loci celebrationis (the law of the place of conclusion of the marriage). This rule is founded firmly in Roman-Dutch law and entrenched in South African case law. ( Exception: S 10 of the Marriage Act 25 of 1961 makes provision for South African diplomatic and consular officers to solemnise marriages between South Africans in the countries
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Essay Prompt 3 During the founding of the new nation‚ the United States‚ there were a number of influential people who made important decisions based on their various opinions. These people‚ the founding fathers of the United States‚ would set examples‚ ideals‚ and rules for many leaders to come. Our first president George Washington‚ our 3rd president Thomas Jefferson‚ and our first Supreme Court justice John Marshall were all very important and influential individuals. Together‚ their
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income tax returns are due to the federal government. The filing deadline for individuals was March 1 in 1913 and was changed to March 15 in 1918 and again to April 15 in 1955. The case of Pollock v. Farmers ’ Loan & Trust Co. challenged the constitutionality of the Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act of 1894 which taxed incomes over $4‚000 at the rate of two percent. The case was decided by the United States Supreme Court in 1895. The Supreme Court decided that the Act ’s unapportioned income taxes on interest
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