In recent years‚ as the collapse of some renowned companies‚ the issue of audit independence turns to be more and more concerned by the international regulators. Independence is the cornerstone of the auditing profession‚ and auditor’s opinion is suspect if lack of independence. However‚ in some circumstances‚ some potential threats of audit independence would be generated as jointly provision of non-audit and audit services to the audit client. Although it will create threats to independence‚ some
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Page 1 of 7 CPA REVIEW SCHOOL OF THE PHILIPPINES Manila AUDITING THEORY Professional Accounting Practice Related PSA : Preface to PSA and Related Services 1. The following statements relate to the accounting profession: I. To merit public trust and confidence‚ the professional person must convince the public that he will place public service ahead of personal reward. II. A CPA certificate is evidence of basic competence in the discipline of accounting at the time the certificate
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between sample size and other elements of auditing? A. If materiality increases‚ so will the sample size. B. If the desired level of assurance increases‚ sample sizes can be smaller. C. If materiality decreases‚ sample size will need to increase. D. There is no relationship between sample size and materiality or the desired level of assurance. 3. Which of the following statements about the study of auditing is NOT true? A. The study of auditing can be valuable to future accountants and
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explain how an auditor goes about the process of auditing financial statements and presents the five basic stages that the auditor performed during the financial statement audit at Maryward Primary School in Kwekwe for the year ending 31 December 2012. In order to be in a position to fulfil auditing responsibility to report on the client’s annual financial statements‚ the auditor followed a series of procedures and activities as required by the auditing profession. The auditor applied the following
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1Chapter 26 Internal and Governmental Financial Auditing and Operational Auditing Review Questions 26-1 Internal auditors who perform financial auditing are responsible for evaluating whether their company’s internal controls are designed and operating effectively and whether the financial statements are fairly presented. This responsibility is essentially the same as the responsibility of external auditors who perform financial audits. The two types of auditors are also similar in that
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MEANING OF AUDITING The word ‘Audit’ is originated from the Latin word ’Audire’ which means ’to hear’. In the earlier days‚ whenever there is suspected fraud in a business organization‚ the owner of the business would appoint a person to check the accounts and hear the explanations given by the person responsible for keeping the account and funds. In those days‚ the audit is done to find out whether the payments and receipt are properly accounted or not. The objective of modern day accounting
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are departures from the standard wording‚ users are more likely to recognize and consider situations requiring a modification or qualification to the auditor’s report or opinion. 3-2 The unqualified audit report consists of: 1. Report title Auditing standards require that the report be titled and that the title includes the word independent. 2. Audit report address The report is usually addressed to the company‚ its stockholders‚ or the board of directors. 3. Introductory paragraph The introductory
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Definitions (2) 1. An examination and verification of a company’s financial and accounting records and supporting documents by a professional‚ such as a Certified Public Accountant. 2. An audit is an IRS examination of an individual or corporation’s tax return‚ to verify its accuracy. There are three types of audits: correspondence audits (the IRS mails a request for additional information)‚ office audits (an interview is conducted at a local IRS office)‚ and field audits (an interview is conducted
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The Rise and fall or Lehman Brothers Introduction The Lehman Brothers‚ an investment bank dating back to 1850‚ filed for bankruptcy in 2008. An institution that managed to survive the Great Depression‚ two world wars and even all calamities in more than 158 years is no longer in business. On September 15th 2008‚ the Lehman Brothers‚ which was once know as one of the biggest investment banks‚ provided that it was going to file for bankruptcy protection (Mamudi). This news was received by the
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Is the demand for auditing a regulatory artifact or market driven? Pre SEC era: There is evidence that before legislation on auditing existed there were still forms of auditing. In the medieval times there were the guilds‚ later audits were conducted by directors or shareholders of a company. In the 19th century US companies voluntarily contracted for audits. Current data on non-SEC companies In 1977‚ 80% of corporate audit clients of PwC are non-SEC-registrants (Biegler 1977). Privately owned
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