| | |The History of Auditing | |A detailed overview | |
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DEFINITION OF AUDITING Auditing is described as the independent examination of and expression of an opinion on the financial statements of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance of that appointment and in compliance with any relevant statutory obligation. Thus auditing of information systems can be defined as independent examination of and expression of an opinion on the development‚ documentation and controls of information systems of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance
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invoices and vendors’ invoices‚ it is usually impractical to do an audit. In complex IT environments‚ much of the transaction information is available only in electronic form without generating a visible audit trail of documents and records. In that case‚ the company is usually still auditable; however‚ auditors must assess whether they have the necessary skills to gather evidence that is in electronic form and can assign personnel with adequate IT training and experience. After obtaining an understanding
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Page 1 of 7 CPA REVIEW SCHOOL OF THE PHILIPPINES Manila AUDITING THEORY Professional Accounting Practice Related PSA : Preface to PSA and Related Services 1. The following statements relate to the accounting profession: I. To merit public trust and confidence‚ the professional person must convince the public that he will place public service ahead of personal reward. II. A CPA certificate is evidence of basic competence in the discipline of accounting at the time the certificate
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STATE AUDITING IN THE PHILIPPINES Reported by: MYRLA P. SEDENIO RUTH C. TACUJAN A. OBJECTIVES I. To Discuss the State Audit System 2. To Identify Issues and Limitations of Government Auditing 3. To Discuss the Measurement of Government Performance B. INTRODUCTION The Philippine Constitution emphasizes the importance of accountability in the government. Article XI simply and bluntly begins: “Public office is a public trust‚” before it adds that officials and employees
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Auditing and Assurance Services‚ 14e (Arens) Chapter 24 Completing the Audit Learning Objective 24-1 1) Auditors often integrate procedures for presentation and disclosure objectives with: A) Tests for planning objectives Tests for balance-related objectives Yes Yes B) Tests for planning objectives Tests for balance-related objectives No No C) Tests for planning objectives Tests for balance-related objectives Yes No D) Tests for planning objectives Tests for balance-related
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A professional judgment is a key factor in auditing. As a result of development of auditing and accounting industry‚ especially after a series of accounting fraud and auditing failure cases‚ such as Enron and Arthur Andersen‚ in the last decade‚ professional judgments is becoming a more and more important aspect for the independent auditing industry. Recently‚ many countries and professional bad issued more strict auditing standards to emphasize to this point. It means the auditor should be required
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NATURE of AUDITING‚ ATTESTATION AND ASSURANCE SERVICES Let us understand a few terminologies before going further in the discussion of the details of auditing and assurance since these terms will be used often throughout the text. Auditing‚ attestation and assurance services are often used interchangeably because they encompass the same decision-process: defining the decision problem‚ defining the alternative choices‚ identifying and obtaining information relevant to the decision problem‚ evaluating
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The future of auditing Called to account The auditing industry has yet to recover from the damage inflicted by an era of corporate scandals Nov 18th 2004 |From the print edition * * NO ONE becomes an auditor because the job is adventurous. In recent years‚ however‚ the profession has been really rather racy. Auditors have been implicated in fraud after fraud. The Enron scandal brought down Arthur Andersen‚ which had been one of the profession ’s five giant firms. Now a scandal at
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Case 11.1: The Runners Shop Relevant Guidance • AU 339 (SAS 103): Audit Documentation • Auditing Standard No. 3: Audit Documentation • International Standard on Auditing 230’ (Revised) (Site -http://irba.co.za/documents/doc_00535.pdf ) Questions 1] Describe the purposes of audit documentation and explain why each purpose is important. According to AU 339.03‚ “audit documentation provides the principal support for the”: (a) “representation in the auditor’s report
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