Summary Cultures and organisations The Dimensions of Culture Geert Hofstede defines culture as follows: "Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one human group from another". By this definition he emphasizes that culture is not a property of the individuals‚ but of groups. It is a collection of more or less shared characteristics possessed by people who have been conditioned by similar socialization practices‚ educational procedures‚ and life experiences
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‘Women and men are made‚ not born’ The statement by Simone de Beauvoir‚ ‘Women and men are made‚ not born’ proposes that a person acquires the identity of a man or a woman over time‚ by means of complex social processes. Beauvoir’s statement suggests that gender roles and behaviour are not inherent and that social positioning should not be determined by sex. This essay will begin by drawing a distinction between sex and gender‚ and will then discuss two arguments that explore the origins of gender
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Lori Estien Psychology of Human Sexuality Gender Identity July 29‚ 2012 Sharon Belden The concept of understanding a person’s gender identity seems to be straight forward. For many‚ they believe it is whether they are male or female. Simply meaning they were either born with male or female sex and reproductive organs. In actuality gender identity is according to our text‚ “our gender identity is our psychological awareness or sense of being male or female” (Rathus‚ Nevid‚ Fichner-Rathus
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In all cultures‚ there are different dimensions that can be categorized into a continuum. Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck have functions of cultural patterns such as common human problems‚ preferred solutions and most importantly‚ a continuum. A continuum is how things are rated by percentages. For example‚ happiness. It could be either more or less in certain situations. In Hofstede’s dimensions of culture‚ there are two topics and only one can be higher in certain cultures than others. The country I
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In this essay there will be a discussion about whether or gender effects the transition to adulthood. There will be a brief definition of gender and transition. There has been great debate over gender but there has been little about masculinity and femininity and the transition to adulthood. It will look at the transitions that gender goes through in relation to that of the past and present day. Then which will be compared if they have changed or continuously stayed the same. There will be theoretical
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be applied to compare differing management practices in China and the West. The five measurements of culture identified by the author are: (1) power distance ( measured from small to large); (2) collectivism versus individualism; (3) femininity versus masculinity (4) uncertainty avoidance ( from weak to strong) (5) short term versus short term The first national culture dimension to be identified is the measurement of power distance. This can be defined as the degree of inequality among people
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In the past‚ being transgender has been a topic that has been swept under the rug and avoided. It was not until recently that research has been done in the field of transgender studies. A major component of this concept‚ from a diagnostic perspective‚ has been the study of Gender Identity Disorder (GID). Gender Identity Disorder is defined as a frustration‚ distress‚ or unhappiness with one’s biologically gender identifying features and how it relates to their perceived gender‚ or their gender identity
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BIANCA GROHMANN* Although masculinity and femininity are personality traits relevant to brands‚ their measurement and contribution to branding theory and practice have not been examined. This article describes the development and validation of a two-dimensional scale measuring masculine and feminine brand personality that is discriminant with regard to existing brand personality dimensions and scales measuring masculinity and femininity as human personality traits. This scale is applied to show
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and out-groups‚ expect their in-group to look after them‚ and individuals define their identity by relationships to others and group belonging. The individual and the group have a mutual obligation of protection in exchange for loyalty. Masculinity vs. femininity is better expressed as confrontation and quantity orientation vs. compromise and quality orientation. In masculine cultures importance is placed on assertiveness‚ competitiveness‚ and materialism in the form of earnings and advancement‚
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In what ways is femininity significant in women’s experiences of violence? Discuss‚ referring to at least 10 academic books/articles in your response. Domestic violence has become an important issue investigated by sociologists in recent years. The heart of the debate concerns identifying risk factors‚ causes and correlates of this behavior. There are a variety of different focal points when studying this behavior. Domestic violence still remains a big problem in society as it has significant
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