chapter Learning Objectives • Learn how our bodies change the food we eat into ATP to provide our muscles with the energy they need to move • Examine the three metabolic systems that generate ATP 2 Fuel for Exercise : Bioenergetics and Muscle Metabolism Terminology • Substrates – Fuel sources from which we make energy (adenosine triphosphate [ATP]) – Carbohydrate‚ fat‚ protein Measuring Energy Release • Can be calculated from heat produced • 1 calorie (cal) = heat energy required
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REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE 2 Skeletal Muscle Physiology NAME: LAB TIME/DATE: Electrical Stimulation 1. Name each phase of a typical muscle twitch‚ and‚ on the following line‚ describe what is happening in each phase. a. b. c. 2. In Activity 2‚ how long was the latent period? __________ msec Describe the chemical changes that are occurring during this period. The Graded Muscle Response to Increased Stimulus Intensity 3. From Activity 3‚ describe the effect of increasing
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Background Information Muscles in the human body can be classified into three different types- cardiac‚ smooth and skeletal muscles. The skeletal muscles are the muscles that can be controlled voluntarily‚ in things such walking and picking things up. The skeletal muscles are made up of bundles of muscle fibres (which are also known as myofibrils‚ as can be seen below). Each of the muscle fibres contain many sarcomeres‚ which is the most basic form of striated muscle tissue- they consist of two
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Frog Skeletal Muscle The aim of this experiment is to explore the basic physiological principles of skeletal muscle using the isolated frog (Rana pipiens or Xenopus laevis) gastrocnemius muscle. Students will dissect a double-pithed frog. Then‚ they will connect the muscle to the Force Transducer to measure twitch recruitment‚ effect of stretch‚ muscle summation‚ muscle tetanus‚ and muscle fatigue. Written by staff of ADInstruments. Experiment Contents 1. Instructor’s Reference (this
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Purpose ● What is the purpose of this exercise? The purpose of this exercise is to become familiar with the terms and usage of a microscope. ●Are there any safety concerns associated with this exercise? If so‚ list what they are and what precautions should be taken. Care must be taken while handling the microscope so as not to accidentally drop anything and harm oneself. Questions A. The following statements are true or false. If true‚ write a “T” on the answer line. If false‚ write
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Serratus Anterior 1. ABDUCTION of Shoulder Girdle Joint 2. UPWARD ROTATION of Shoulder Girdle Joint Pectoralis Minor 1. ABDUCTION of Shoulder Girdle Joint Pectoralis Major 1. FLEXION of Shoulder Joint 2. HORIZONTAL FLEXION of Shoulder Joint 3. MEDIAL (INTERNAL) ROTATION of Shoulder Joint Rhomboid Minor 1. ADDUCTION of Shoulder Girdle Joint 2. DOWNWARD ROTATION of Shoulder Girdle Joint Rhomboid Major 1. ADDUCTION of Shoulder Girdle Joint 2. DOWNWARD ROTATION of Shoulder Girdle
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Origin Insertion Action coracobrachialis (deepest underarm) coracoid process of scapula medial midshaft of humerus humerus: flexion‚ medial rotation‚ abduction biceps brachii short head coracoid process of scapula long head supraglenoid tubercle of scapula radial tuberosity‚ bicipital aponerousis humerus: flexion forearm: supination‚ flexion brachialis (in b/w) anterior distal half of humerus tuberosity of ulna forearm: flexion
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M.Sc. malaudi@gmail.com The Structural and Functional Organization of Muscles • About 600 human skeletal muscles • Constitute about half of our body weight • Three kinds of muscle tissue – Skeletal‚ cardiac‚ smooth • Specialized for one major purpose – Converting the chemical energy in ATP into the mechanical energy of motion; Contraction and Movement • Myology—the study of the muscular system The Functions of Muscles • Movement – Locomotion – movement of body parts and body contents: • • •
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Jonathan Vingo Mr. Spear Anatomy and Physiology 02.02 Skeletal Muscle Before submitting your written response‚ check that: It compares three specific muscles in the human body that vary in muscle tissue type in terms of: Presence or absence of striations (5 points) Size‚ shape‚ and arrangement of fibers (5 points) Function/s resulting from the muscle contraction (5 points) Relationship of muscle cell properties to muscle function (10 points) The table is clear‚ well-organized‚ written
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Muscles and the Sliding Filament Theory Outcomes (ALL) Give 2 examples of voluntary and involuntary muscle movements (MOST) Explain the purpose of the sliding filament theory (FEW) explain the key stages of the sliding filament theory (MOST) Give 4 examples of voluntary and involuntary muscle movements Recap of Muscles Remember skeletal muscle is under voluntary control It is also called striated muscle because of its striped appearance. Skeletal muscle fibres are large. They may
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