CHAPTER 12 PRICING DECISIONS AND COST MANAGEMENT 12-1 The three major influences on pricing decisions are 1. Customers 2. Competitors 3. Costs 12-2 Not necessarily. For a one-time-only special order‚ the relevant costs are only those costs that will change as a result of accepting the order. In this case‚ full product costs will rarely be relevant. It is more likely that full product costs will be relevant costs for long-run pricing decisions. 12-3 Two examples of pricing decisions with
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What is contribution margin? In cost-volume-profit analysis of managerial accounting contribution margin is a very concept. The evaluation of contribution margin for any product is quite easy yet its usage is wide and when applied with various other metrics of CVP analysis such as PV Ratio‚ Break Even Point‚ variable cost‚ fixed cost‚ etc it helps to take major production decisions relating to volume of production and sales‚ and profitability of such levels of sales or production. Step 1:
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CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. CVP analysis can be used to study the effect of: A. changes in selling prices on a company ’s profitability. B. changes in variable costs on a company ’s profitability. C. changes in fixed costs on a company ’s profitability. D. changes in product sales mix on a company ’s profitability. E. All of these. 2. The break-even point is that level of activity where: A. total revenue equals total cost. B. variable cost equals fixed cost. C. total contribution margin equals the sum of variable
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Case Study: Contribution Margin and Variance Analysis By: Sachin Malhotra Student ID:xxxxxxxxx Presented To: Prof. G. Dunning Course: 04-70-256 Section 2 Date: November 28‚ 2008 Explanation of Profit Decline The decline in profits was due to a combination of various market‚ as well as‚ production factors. Firstly‚ the decreased market share was a major cause of the decline in the profits. This was quite surprising for a company that is operating in a growing market. The total market for
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Boeing Co.-Breakeven Analysis The Boeing 737-900ER was released in July 2005 and made its first delivery to Indonesia’s Lion Air in 2007. The price of the 737-900ER ranges from $74‚000‚000-$89‚000‚000 per plane. The purpose of this assignment is to apply breakeven analysis to a project within Boeing using data obtained from the company’s website as well as fabricated information used to apply the tool. The fictitious information was used only because Boeing didn’t provide a breakdown of costs
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Direct materials = $52‚000 3. The Lyons Company’s cost of goods manufactured was $120‚000 when its sales were $360‚000 and its gross margin was $220‚000. If the ending inventory of finished goods was $30‚000‚ the beginning inventory of finished goods must have been: A. $150‚000 B. $20‚000 C. $50‚000 D. $110‚000 Cost of goods sold = Sales - Gross margin Cost of goods sold = $360‚000 - $220‚000 Cost of goods sold = $140‚000 4. Last month a manufacturing company had the following
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Excel Assignment #2 Preparing a Contribution Margin Income Statement and Operating Leverage Summer 2013 1. Assume that a company is budgeting to sell 2‚500 units of a product at a selling price per unit of $32. The variable cost per unit is $26 and total fixed costs are $5‚000. REQUIRED Prepare a contribution margin income statement and calculate operating leverage. 2. Suppose the company is unsure exactly how many units they will sell. As such‚ their marketing department has provided
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for $121.90 per unit. According to the activity-based costing system‚ the product margin for product P23F is: A. $9‚223.20 B. $7‚853.60 C. $5‚401.60 D. $22‚950.00 4. Kraska Corporation has provided the following data from its activity-based costing system: Data concerning one of the company ’s products‚ Product O11W‚ appear below: According to the activity-based costing system‚ the product margin for product O11W is: A. $4‚651.80 B. $1‚688.10 C. $17‚934.00 D. $3‚956.10
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C V P Analysis 1 CVP Analysis Understand how cost behavior and cost-volume-profit analysis are used by managers. 2 Questions Addressed by CVP Analysis How much must I sell to earn my desired income? How will income be affected if I reduce selling prices to increase sales volume? What will happen to profitability if I expand capacity? 3 Cost-Profit-Volume Analysis What is cost-volume-profit analysis? It is the study of the effects of output volume on revenue (sales)‚ expenses (costs)
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are lower‚ this variance is known as favourable. If sales are lower or costs are higher than expected‚ this variance is known as adverse. Firms spend money making their products. These are called costs. There are two types of costs involved in breakeven‚ these are variable costs and fixed costs. Variable costs are costs that change according to output. These costs change directly according to how many products are made. Fixed costs are costs that do not change‚ regardless of the number of goods
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