Price effect: The price change effect on consumption can be broken down into two parts depending upon the change relative in pricing of products and income. The first one is called substitution effect wherein price change of a product leads to change in consumption‚ here the income remains constant. The second is the income effct wherein the relative income of people changes which leads to a change in the purchasing power‚ here the price is considered constant. * prices change >> income
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Cost reduction Generally defined as the act of cutting costs to improve profitability. Cost reduction‚ should therefore‚ not be confused with cost saving and cost control. Cost saving could be a temporary affair and may be at the cost of quality. Cost reduction implies the retention of essential characteristics and quality of the product and thus it must be confined to permanent and genuine savings in the costs of manufacture‚ administration‚ distribution and selling‚ brought about by elimination
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(Hint: What happens to price if there is a bumper crop? What is the price elasticity of demand for wheat? Is it inelastic or elastic? What happens to total revenue if there is an increase in supply?) If a product like corn or wheat has a bumper crop season‚ the selling price for the good would fall. This is because a bumper crop season indicates that the product had a bountiful crop growth and harvest; therefore‚ supply for the product would be excess. This means that the price for the product would
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wage and price controls in response to exceptionally high inflation rates. However‚ Wage and price controls are government restrictions on the rate at which wages and prices may rise during a specific time period. They are most often imposed during wartime to prevent profiteering and steep rises in the price of rare consumer goods. Many nations‚ including Canada‚ instituted a system of both price controls and rationing during WWII to prevent the exploiting and steeply rising prices that might
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Price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) is often used for assessing the company’s stock price. P/E is determined by first calculating the earnings per shares (EPS)‚ which is the post-tax profits divides by the number of shares (Figure 1). Trailing P/E is equal to current market share price divided by trailing earnings per share for the past 12 months‚ whereas forward P/E is equal to current share price divided by expected earnings per shares for the next 12 months or next full-year fiscal period (http://www
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320. As of 2006‚ the average manufacture’s suggested retail price for a 330ci was $37‚600 as compared to $45‚750 for a CLK 320. Gas mileage for the 330ci is 30 mpg on the highway and 20 mpg in the city as compared to 28 mpg on the highway and 19 mpg in the city for the CLK 320. Discussion 1. Suppose Mercedes is concerned that dealer price of the CLK 320 are not consistent and that even though the average price is $45‚750‚ actual prices are normally distributed with a standard deviation of $2‚981
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COST ACCOUNTING Select the one best answer for each: 1. Which one of the following would not be classified as manufacturing overhead? a. Indirect labor b. Direct materials c. Insurance on factory building d. Indirect materials 2. Prime costs of a company are $3‚000‚000‚ manufacturing overhead is $1‚500‚000 and direct labor is $750‚000. What is the amount of direct materials? a. $1‚500‚000. b. $750‚000. c. $2‚250‚000.
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execution. Self-talk is effective in silencing the critic or the inner voice that attacks and judges you which is a characteristic of the Fixed Mindset. Incorporating self-talk with the Growth Mindset philosophy could help with eliminating the common forms of distorted thinking: catastrophizing‚ overgeneralization‚ blaming‚ mystification‚ and polarized thinking. The Fixed Mindset opposes the Growth Mindset by allowing one to believe in irrational and negative thoughts such as perfectionism‚ fear of failure
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VALUE Vs PRICE There are four major attributes of a commodity i.e.‚ an item or service produced for‚ and sold on the market has four major attributes. They are: • a value • a use‐value (or utility) • an exchange value • a price (it could be an actual selling price or an imputed ideal price) VALUE In simple words‚ value refers to the importance of a thing or utility of a commodity. But in economics the term “value” has a quite different meaning. According to the famous economist
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Calculating the Contribution Margin Constance Hall Lindemann HCA 311 Health Care Financing & Information Systems July 1‚ 2012 Instructor: Heather Ables Contribution margin is nothing more than a way to see if an organizations operation is profitable. The costs for any business will fall into two broad categories: fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed costs are those whose amounts hardly ever change which means they are fixed‚ steady and unchangeable. Variable by contrast‚ are costs that are
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