SECTORS OF ECONOMY The three-sector theory is an economictheory which divides economies into three sectors of activity: extraction of raw materials (primary)‚ manufacturing (secondary)‚ and services (tertiary). It was developed by Colin Clark and Jean Fourastié. According to the theory‚ the main focus of aneconomy’s activity shifts from the primary‚ through the secondary and finally to the tertiary sector. Fourastié saw the process as essentially positive‚ and in The Great Hope of the Twentieth
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Economies of scale The long run – increases in scale A firm’s efficiency is affected by its size. Large firms are often more efficient than small ones because they can gain from economies of scale‚ but firms can become too large and suffer from diseconomies of scale. As a firm expands its scale of operations‚ it is said to move into its long run. The benefits arising from expansion depend upon the effect of expansion on productive efficiency‚ which can be assessed by looking at changes in average
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An open economy is the opposite of a managed economy. It is one that is characteristically market-oriented‚ with free market policies rather than government-imposed price controls. In an open economy industries tend to be privately owned rather than owned by the government. In the area of international trade an open economy is one whose policies promote free trade over protectionism. On the other hand‚ a managed or closed economy is characterized by protective tariffs‚ state-run or nationalized
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Economy of Switzerland Switzerland as the world knows it today is a country with strong and stable economy. With countries ups and downs‚ the noticeable economic revival begun in 2002‚ when political and economic actors have implemented a “game plan” which included certain measurements. With certain handling of situation in economy‚ Switzerland could feel a perceptible growth year after year. This essay discuses Switzerland’s achievements in development of country’s economy‚ as well as examines
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UNIT-1 THE NATURE AND SCOPE OF MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Nature Of Managerial Economics Managerial Economics and Business economics are the two terms‚ which‚ at times have been used interchangeably. Of late‚ however‚ the term Managerial Economics has become more popular and seems to displace progressively the term Business Economics. The prime function of a management executive in a business organization is decision-making and forward planning. Decision-making means the process of
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an average annual rate of nearly 10%. From 1980 to 2011‚ real GDP grew 19-fold in real terms‚ real per capita GDP increased 14-fold‚ and an estimated 500 million people were raised out of extreme poverty. China is now the world’s second-largest economy and some analysts predict it could become the largest within a few years. Yet‚ on a per capita basis‚ China remains a relatively poor country. China’s economic rise has led to a substantial increase in U.S.-China economic ties. According to U.S
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Economy of Turkey About Turkey – Turkey is a vibrant amalgamation of two unique cultures‚ reflecting a diverse collection of ideas‚ beliefs and values. Crossing both European and Middle Eastern boundaries‚ Turkish society is patriotic and proud of its ancestry and achievements. The rapid modernisation of the country‚ combined with its traditional values‚ makes Turkey a fascinating market for foreign businesses but requires an understanding of its cultural design in order to secure your future
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PROFESSOR JOYCE COLCOL Economy of the Philippines The Philippines is a developing country in South-East Asia. In 2004‚ it was ranked as the 24th largest economy by the World Bank according to purchasing power parity. The Philippines is one of the newly industrializing countries in the world. Important sectors of the Philippine economy include agriculture and industry‚ particularly food processing‚ textiles and garments‚ and electronics and automobile parts. Most industries are concentrated in the
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| | Philippines - The Economy THE PHILIPPINE ECONOMY EXPERIENCED considerable difficulty in the 1980s. Real gross national product (GNP) grew at an annual average of only 1.8 percent‚ less than the 2.5 percent rate of population increase. The US$668 GNP per capita income in 1990 was below the 1978 level‚ and approximately 50 percent of the population lived below the poverty line. The 1988 unemployment rate of 8.3 percent (12.3 percent in urban areas) peaked at 11.4 percent in early 1989‚ and the
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Paper XVIII INDIAN ECONOMY- PERFORMANCE AND POLICIES Section 1: Basic Issues in Economic Development Developed and Underdeveloped Economies 1. W hat are the features of an Underdeveloped Economy? How far is India still characterized by them? [8‚7] (2009) 2. Discuss the salient features of India as underdeveloped but developing economy. (2006) Economic Growth and Development‚ Human Development 1. Economic Growth is the means to achieve the end which is the improvement in the quality of
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