has to be excluded. CT Thorax in another patient shows the presence of an aneurysm (Fig. 12.2) at the aortic arch with thrombus. 25 Interpreting Chest X-Rays CASE 13 Fig. 13.1 Case 13. This 80-year-old male smoker is a known case of COPD. He presented with epigastric pain and worsening of shortness of breath. Arterial blood gas showed acute metabolic acidosis. This was his CXR (Fig. 13.1). What is the most obvious abnormality? CASE 13 Interpreting Chest X-Rays 26 C A S
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first step is to decide whether the acute cough is potentially life threatening (Pneumonia‚ Severe Exacerbation of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD)‚ Pulmonary embolism (PE)‚ or Heart Failure) or not (Upper respiratory infection (URI)‚ Lower respiratory infection (LRI)‚ Asthma‚ Bronchiectasis‚ Upper Airway Cough Syndrome (UACS)‚ and COPD). Pratter et al. (2006) found that in managing patients with subacute cough the first step is to determine whether or not the cough has followed an obvious
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symptoms‚ I asked the ICU nurse if they tested her for sepsis. She confirmed that she did have sepsis and they were now treating that along with a laundry list of other things. Eight days later‚ my mother passed away from complications of: Sepsis‚ COPD‚ Pneumonia‚ Hypoxia‚ Klebsiella‚ and Hypercapnia (carbon-dioxide poisoning). Sepsis is a condition that can be a cause or result of other diseases and infections. Wayne Robson and Ron Daniels (2013) quote the definition as: Sepsis is a life-threatening
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Insomnia is a symptom‚ not a stand-alone diagnosis or a disease. By definition‚ insomnia is” difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep‚ or both”or the perception of poor quality sleep. It is also a common sleep problem that can affect your quality of life.Poeple with insomnia have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. They wake up during the night or wake up too early next morning. Insomnia may therefore be due to inadequate quality sleep. Insomnia is not defined by a specific number of hours
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a thoracotomy to perform a lung biopsy. The surgeon said that the chest x-ray showed infiltrates and that pulmonologist wanted a tissue sample. The patient was a male approximately 60 years old. He had a large barrel chest‚ which might indicate COPD. The procedure involved making an incision in the chest between two ribs. The surgeon continued cutting and cauterizing the incision until he reach the right lung. He then isolated and excised a 1 inch by half inch piece of lung. It looked like
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Emphysema is a lung condition in which tiny air sacs in the lungs-alveoli-fill up with air. As the air continues to build up in these sacs‚ they expand‚ and may break or become damaged and form scar tissue. Emphysema is a type of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The main cause of emphysema is long-term‚ regular tobacco smoking. It may also be caused by marijuana smoking‚ exposure to air pollutions‚ factory fumes‚ and coal and salica dust. I rare cases‚ a patient may have inherited a
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Most people believe Pneumonia is an illness that only affects older adults‚ the very young‚ or people with impaired immune systems. However‚ the truth is that pneumonia is a serious illness that can strike anyone at any age—even healthy individuals. Pneumonia is nothing to sneeze at. Although pneumonia is a common illness‚ there are a few things you may not know about this lung infection. Here are six surprising pneumonia facts everyone should make it their business to know: Pneumonia is a Leading
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A few years ago my Grandma passed away from her battle with COPD. As a family‚ we were all pretty distraught. It was a tough couple of weeks for our whole family. Together with my family‚ we had to cope with it together. We supported each other in our mourning. Going through this made us stronger as a family as
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Chapter 37 Bronchodilators and Respiratory Drugs A. Diseases of the Lower Respiratory Tract * COPD * Asthma * Emphysema * Chronic bronchitis B. Bronchial Asthma * Recurrent and reversible shortness of breath * Occurs when the airways of the lungs become narrow as a result of: * Bronchospasms * Inflammation of the bronchial mucosa * Edema of the bronchial mucosa * Production of viscid mucus * Alveolar ducts/alveoli remain open‚ but airflow to
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Effect of Industrial Expansion on the ecosysytem. Pollutants given off by various industries and factories are often considered to be one of the prime factors contributing to air‚ water and soil pollution. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)‚ it has been estimated that industrial pollution is responsible for almost 50 percent of the pollution present in the United States. There are various wide-ranging effects‚ as well as serious consequences‚ of industrial pollution on the ecological
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