functions of the four heart chambers. Name each chamber and provide the name and general route of its associated great vessel(s). 5. Trace the pathway of blood through the heart. 6. Name the major branches and describe the distribution of the coronary arteries. 7. Name the heart valves and describe their location‚ function‚ and mechanism of operation. Cardiac Muscle Fibers 8. Describe the structural and functional properties of cardiac muscle‚ and explain how it differs from skeletal
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right Before a heart Attack Your Body Will Give You These 4 Signs w3.newsmax.com Heart Failure Definition Heart failure is a condition in which the heart has lost the ability to pump enough blood to the body’s tissues. With too little blood being delivered‚ the organs and other tissues do not receive enough oxygen and nutrients to function properly. Description According to the American Heart Association‚ about 4.9 million Americans are living with congestive heart failure. Of these‚ 2.5 million
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Cardiac arrest is confirmed by absence of signs of circulation‚ loss of consciousness; respiratory arrest (may be in 30 seconds after cardiac arrest) and enlargement of pupils (may be in 90 seconds after cardiac arrest). Jacobs et al.‚ (2004) The temporal sequence of cardiac arrest can be explained by a 3-phased time sensitive model. These phases include electrical (lasting 0 to 4 minutes from time of cardiac arrest)‚ circulatory (lasting 4 to 10 minutes from time of cardiac arrest)‚ and metabolic
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Have you ever wondered which body system helps bring oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to the heart? Well that system is called the Circulatory System or the Cardiovascular System. Have you ever wondered which body system helps bring air into the lungs? That system is called the Respiratory system. You are probably wondering why I am mentioning the Respiratory and Circulatory system? I am talking about them because‚ these are the two system that I am going to be comparing and contrasting in this
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umbilical vessels remaining in the infant’s body: become fibrous cords that remain throughout life 7. *All blood cells derive from: hemocytoblasts 8. *All of the following are major branches of the aortic arch except: coronary‚ innominate‚ left common carotid and left subclavian coronary 9. *Appetite center is found in the: hypothalamus 10. *Approximately how much saliva do the three pairs of compound tubuloalveolar glands (parotids‚ submandibulars and subinguals) secrete each day? 1 liter 11. *Arteries
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Atherosclerosis A number of ageing changes occur in the aorta‚ arteries and arterioles. The age related changes that occur in muscular arteries are usually known as arteriosclerosis. It involves alterations of the smooth muscle hypertrophy and intimal fibrosis further reducing the diameter of the vessel. Atherosclerosis is the most common arterial abnormality known as arteriosclerosis which is defined as the stiffening or hardening of the artery walls. However‚ atherosclerosis refers to the hardening
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4 Cardiovascular disorders CASE STUDY 19 Annie’s heartache Learning outcomes On completion of this case study‚ you will be able to: • describe the physiological characteristics of the coronary circulation; • outline the autonomic control of the heart and the mechanisms which control coronary blood flow; • review the causes of and possible treatments for angina; • describe the mechanisms of action of the following anti-anginal drugs: nitrates‚ beta-adrenoceptor antagonists and calcium
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Cardiovascular Anatomy & Physiology I. Structures and Functions Heart Muscle * Has 3 layers (epicardium‚ myocardium‚ and endocardium) and a surrounding sac called the pericardium * Location: In the mediastinum‚ above the diaphragm‚ and is surrounded on both sides by lung * Shape: Resembling triangle‚ with base parallel to the right edge of the sternum Heart Chambers * The right side of the heart is a low pressure system and the left side is a high pressure system
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pulmonary circulation loop and the systemic circulation loop. 1. Pulmonary circulation: Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs where the blood picks up oxygen and returns to the left side of the heart. The pumping chambers of the heart that support the pulmonary circulation loop are the right atrium and right ventricle. 2. Systemic circulation: Systemic circulation carries
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chapter you should able to: •Name categories of cardiovascular drugs •Describe the therapeutics effects of drugs •Identify the side effects 2 26/08/2013 Heart & Blood Circulation 3 functional parts: • • • Cardiac muscle Conduction system Nerve supply Main Diseases CHF – Congestive heart failure CAD – Coronary artery disease ( arteriosclerosis‚ angina pectoris‚ myocardial infarction) 3 26/08/2013 Cardiac drugs • • • • • Used in hypertension angina pectoris and MI Shock Arrhythmias
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