In recent years there has been considerable growth in the use of credit derivatives‚ which protect lenders against the risk that a borrower will default. For example‚ bank A may be reluctant to refuse a loan to a major customer (customer X) but may be concerned about the total size of its exposure to that customer. Speculators in search of large profits (and prepared to tolerate large losses) are attracted by the leverage that derivatives provide. By this we mean that it is not necessary to lay out
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Having studied this chapter you will be able to: Evaluate the potential value added to a firm arising from a specified capital investment project or portfolio using the net present value model. Project modelling should include explicit treatment of: (a) Inflation & specific price variation (b) Taxation including capital allowances and tax exhaustion (c) Single & multi-period capital rationing to include the formulation of programming methods and the interpretation of their output (d) Probability
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Valuation- “projected financial performance into values.” Involves projecting/ making budgets. Value of an Asset = Value of Cash Flow (CF) it Will Generate (not profits) CF=1/(1+r)^1 value is based on three things- Current Cash Flow‚ Expected growth (used with to estimate future cash flow)‚ Riskiness of expected future cash flow (discount rate).Net Present Value- Value CFs using project discount rate based on risk Investment Decision-which real assets the firm should acquire.Choose positive and
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Solution to Case 23 Evaluating Project Risk It’s Better to Be Safe Than Sorry! Questions: 1. What seems to be wrong with the way the NPV of each project has been calculated? Indicate without any calculations‚ how Pete and John should go about recalculating the projects’ NPVs. The NPV of each project has been calculated by discounting the cash flows at the 8% before-tax cost of debt. This is incorrect. Since the company has debt‚ preferred stock and common
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Kean talks about the attention gold rushes brings and how people were constantly being confused with iron pyrite. Kean mentions other elements such as tellurium‚ aluminum and europium and how they were used in currency. In the fourteenth chapter‚ related to chapter thirteen‚ Kean talks how money and science comes together since science was becoming more and more expensive‚ the ones who could make the big discoveries were the ones who had money. Kean brings up Johann Wolfgang von Goethe‚ a writer who
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by examining whether it is at least profitable enough to pay off its interest expenses. | Total Asset Turnover | Tells us the amount of sales generated for every dollar worth of assets. | Equity Multiplier | Tells us how a company uses debt to finance its assets. | Long-term Debt Ratio | Measures the percentage of the overall company’s assets that are owned by the equity and debt. | Times Interest Earned Ratio | (TIE) Tells us about a company’s ability to meet it’s debt obligations. This could
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Solutions to Chapter 10 Introduction to Risk‚ Return‚ and the Opportunity Cost of Capital capital gain + dividend ($44 − $40) + $2 = = 0.15 = 15.0% initial share price $40 1. Rate of return = Dividend yield = dividend/initial share price = $2/$40 = 0.05 = 5% Capital gains yield = capital gain/initial share price = $4/$40 = 0.10 = 10% 2. Dividend yield = $2/$40 = 0.05 = 5% The dividend yield is unaffected; it is based on the initial price‚ not the final price. Capital gain = $36 – $40
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a number of ways by the Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) and the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Considerations of capital structure have the effect of reducing the cost of capital and so in turn increase the value of the firm (Ross‚ S. 2011). APRA and the RBA together impose certain requirements on all Authorised Deposit-taking Institutions (ADIs) in relation to their capital make-up and their financing operations. Differences in Capital Structure ADIs are the only institutions
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sold = 1400000 PROBLEM:05 Study the comparative balance sheets for Kyprianides Inc. and Pecchia Company in the year 2011. Notice that both companies have the same amount of assets. However‚ there are some differences in the way the two companies finance those assets. Fill in the spaces on the balance sheets and then answer the following questions. Kyprianides Inc. Pecchia Co. Current Assets Cash and equivalents 200 300 Accounts Receivable 1‚100 2‚400 Inventory
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CHAPTER 2 How to Calculate Present Values Answers to Problem Sets 1. If the discount factor is .507‚ then .507*1.126 = $1 2. 125/139 = .899 3. PV = 374/(1.09)9 = 172.20 4. PV = 432/1.15 + 137/(1.152) + 797/(1.153) = 376 + 104 + 524 = $1‚003 5. FV = 100*1.158 = $305.90 6. NPV = -1‚548 + 138/.09 = -14.67 (cost today plus the present value of the perpetuity) 7. PV = 4/(.14-.04) = $40 8. a. PV = 1/.10 = $10 b. Since the perpetuity
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