THE CAUSES OF CORRUPTION: A CROSS-NATIONAL STUDY Why is corruption—defined here as the misuse of public office for private gain—perceived to be more widespread in some countries than others? Different theories associate cross-national variation in the extent of corruption with particular historical and cultural traditions‚ levels of economic development‚ political institutions‚ and government policies. This paper analyzes which of various plausible determinants are significantly related to an
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Although Kazakhs in many instances take pride in that they have homogeneous customs and traditions across all regions of Kazakhstan‚ through talks and discussions with people from different regions one can identify that there are not so evident variances in patterns of celebrations and general attitudes for different traditions of people from different parts of Kazakhstan. The specific to regions attitudes towards tois‚ big familial celebrations and festivals‚ such as weddings‚ jubilees‚ as well
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defined by Merriam- Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary as “the integrated pattern of human knowledge‚ belief‚ and behavior that depends upon man’s capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations.” People learn about cultural traditions through interaction rather than through the memorization of a text. There are many ways that a culture can be shared among people without them being fluent in it such as through food‚ customs‚ clothing‚ language‚ beliefs‚ and behaviors. Superstition
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Note: The greater the number of positive responses‚ the greater the person’s identification with a traditional heritage. The one exception to positive answers is the question about family name change. This question may be answered negatively. 1. Where was your mother born?__Ethiopia 2. Where was your father born? Ethiopia 3. Where were your grandparents born? (1) Your mother’s mother? Ethiopia (2) Your mother’s father? Ethiopia (3) Your father’s mother? Ethiopia (4) Your father’s father
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Introduction Corruption is a disease‚ a cancer that eats into the cultural‚ political and economic fabric of society‚ and destroys the functioning of vital organs. In the words of Transparency International‚ “Corruption is one of the greatest challenges of the contemporary world.” It undermines good government‚ fundamentally distorts public policy‚ leads to the misallocation of resources‚ harms the private sector and private sector development and particularly hurts the poor. Corruption also defined
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CORRUPTION Corruption is a feature of African‚ social‚ political and even religious life with disastrous consequences. It not only impedes economy development but also increases poverty by making a few individuals richer and many poorer. So corruption can be defined as making someone morally corrupt or becoming morally corrupt oneself. Forms of corruption Bribery-This is giving money or favors to someone who is in a position of trust‚ in order to prevent their judgments or corrupt their conduct
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Asia-Pacific Development Journal Vol. 7‚ No. 2‚ December 2000 CORRUPTION: CAUSES‚ CONSEQUENCES AND CURES U Myint* The paper stresses the need to keep the issue of corruption squarely in view in the development agenda. It discusses the causes and consequences of corruption‚ especially in the context of a least developed country with considerable regulation and central direction. Lack of transparency‚ accountability and consistency‚ as well as institutional weaknesses such as in the legislative
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widespread corruption for many years. For 2012‚ China was ranked 80th out of 178 countries in Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index‚ ranking below the most of developed countries. This severe problem has become the target of public criticism. The 2002 Mainland China national survey‚ a part of the Asian Barometer Survey I‚ indicated that almost half of people view corruption in government as a common and serious problem. Then what are the determinants of corruption? According
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CORRUPTION IN RUSSIA by James Roaf‚ European II Department‚ IMF* Conference on Post-Election Strategy Moscow‚ April 5-7‚ 2000 A. Introduction Corruption is often cited as a key factor behind Russia’s economic problems. However‚ while it is generally agreed that Russia does suffer from a particularly high incidence of corruption‚ economists are far from clear as to the actual economic implications of the problem. This note discusses Russia’s experience of corruption from the perspective of the substantial
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Corruption in India is a major issue and adversely affects its economy.[1] A study conducted by Transparency International in year 2005 found that more than 62% of Indians had firsthand experience of paying bribes or influence peddling to get jobs done in public offices successfully.[2][3] In its study conducted in year 2008‚ Transparency International reports about 40% of Indians had firsthand experience of paying bribes or using a contact to get a job done in public office.[4] In 2012 India has
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