COMPARISON OF INDIRECT COST MULTIPLIERS FOR VEHICLE MANUFACTURING Technical Memorandum in support of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Cost Estimation Studies by Anant Vyas‚ Dan Santini‚ and Roy Cuenca Center for Transportation Research Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne‚ Illinois 60439 April 2000 Work Sponsored by United States Department of Energy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Transportation
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The cost benefit analysis of Plug In hybrid electric vehicles includes a comparison between the lifetime of the vehicle and the ownership cost. Here the cost of ownership includes the cost of consumption of energy as well as the retail cost‚ but excludes the differences in cost of maintenance. A high cost of 5 USD per gallon of gasoline is assumed for the near term scenario. The cost of consumption of electricity is assumed to be 0.09 USD per Kilowatt-hour.[29] 7. GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES Since reduction
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percent (20%) of labour- hours on average and this in turn affects productivity and output of the economy. Even after production has taken place‚ the task of distribution is also affected greatly by the planning of a township. Distribution costs‚ which include cost of fuel‚ rises because of things like traffic jams that make vehicles spend more time than they should in getting to their destination which translates to an increase in the price of the product ( for a normal good case ). If businesses (factories
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INTRODUCTION T O COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS In the Affair of so much Importance to you‚ wherein you ask my Advice‚ I cannot for want of sufficient Premises‚ advise you what to determine‚ but if you please I will tell you how. When those difficult Cases occur‚ they are difficult‚ chiefly because while we have them under Consideration‚ all the Reasons pro and con are not present to the Mind at the same time; but sometimes one Set present themselves‚ and at other times another‚ the first being out
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Cost Benefit Analysis Developing and installing a new IT system is an investment and can help the business create profit. Carrying out a cost benefit analysis helps to give management an idea of the costs of the new system‚ its benefits and risks. Each phase of the development/implementation has a cost and when analysing the new system you should take into account the cost of: • Personnel • Equipment • Supplies • Overheads • Consultant’s Fees Some costs are a one time charge eg Development
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THE BENEFITS OF SARBANES-OXLEY AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MEASURED AGAINST THE COSTS Salim Motala A research project submitted to the Gordon Institute of Business Science‚ University of Pretoria‚ in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration. 14 November 2007 ABSTRACT The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) is the only legislated corporate governance structure‚ and is aimed at increasing investor confidence in public companies by forcing them
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moderately high level of income inequality within the economy. The benefits of income inequality may be that it encourages the labour force to increase education and skill levels and it also encourages the labour force to work longer and harder. Some of the economic costs of inequality may be that inequality reduces overall utility and it can reduce economic growth. Subsequently there are mainly economic benefits of inequality‚ but social costs are involved. Whilst theory suggests that greater growth may
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have done above is a “full-cost” analysis. This is in contrast to a “direct-cost” analysis that ignores overhead costs. Is full cost the right metric for job profitability and customer profitability? What assumptions are we making about the variability of overhead costs when we do a “full-cost” analysis? By allocating the overhead costs to jobs and customers there is an implicit assumption that these are variable with the cost driver. In reality‚ some of the overhead costs are fixed‚ at least in the
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The Sydney Olympic Games held in 2000 was perhaps one of Australia’s major investments. The event involved Private‚ Social and External costs and benefits. The NSW government experienced the Private costs. Financially‚ the government spent around $1.7 billion dollars on the event‚ which included the sporting facilities‚ advancing the city’s streets‚ transport organisation and the village. The takings received for the event‚ however‚ was around $6 million. The profits are still being made today‚
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Its impacts on the environment are almost Non-existent if well managed: It occupies only small surfaces of land and consumes small amounts of fuel; its waste is small‚ confined‚ and isolated from the environment. there is no industry in the world that can present the same excellent record of safety performance as the nuclear industry. Introduction to Nuclear Energy for Civilian Purposes * Most early atomic research focused on developing an effective weapon for use in World War II. After
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