different quality material from standard; Buying materials from a non‑usual source due to urgency; Utilising different labour from standard; Price changes due to economic conditions; scarcity of supplies; Choosing to incur additional discretionary fixed costs; More (or less) overtime hours used than budgeted. 2. Efficiency/usage/quantity variances: Standard is out of date‚ set without due care; Inefficient use of material/labour‚ deliberate or otherwise; Poor supervision/equipment/maintenance.Changes in
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decision makers including managers‚ investors‚ regulators‚ lenders‚ and the public. Accounting systems affect behavior and management and have affects across departments‚ organizations‚ and even countries. This paper will give the reader an understanding about cost accounting. This paper will discuss: Why is cost accounting so important to the success of the firm; what are the various methods of cost accounting and how are they used; how does an operating budget work to discipline a firm’s management; what
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Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow‚ Corporate Finance‚ and Takeovers Michael C. Jensen Harvard Business School MJensen@hbs.edu Abstract The interests and incentives of managers and shareholders conflict over such issues as the optimal size of the firm and the payment of cash to shareholders. These conflicts are especially severe in firms with large free cash flows—more cash than profitable investment opportunities. The theory developed here explains 1) the benefits of debt in reducing agency
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Organizations Related Resources Service Providers/Consultants Tools Best Practice Vetting Process Integrated Product and Process Development (IPPD) Pair Programming Software Acquisition Best Practice Software Program Managers Network (SPMN) Software Cost Estimation Best Practices Case Studies Education and Training Experts Literature Programs and
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each purpose discuss whether information about current or future product costs is required. What implication does your answer have for developing a product costing system? L-S‚ T & H‚ page 131. Purpose Current / Future Product Costs Short-term decisions: product mix‚ pricing Future Longer-term strategic decisions Future Long-term pricing Future Plan future product-related costs Future Control of product costs Current Reimbursement contracts Current External reporting (inventory
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information technology in the area of Lecture Room Allocation System. This document present the design and implementation of a web based Lecture room allocation system through which lecture venue will be allocated for various lectures. This project is intended to be used typically by lecturers who are involved in various lecturing activities and it will be majorly developed to be used within an academic environment. The lecture room allocation system is a system that allows only the people with
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Assignment: Cost Accounting Applied By Professor Bryan Womack Course Title ACC 350012VA016-1122-001 Cost Accounting February 26‚ 2012 Companies that are successful financially know what their costs are and how those costs are being spent. The company I have chosen wants to change from a general accounting system where costs are put in general categories and they currently do not have any allocation of costs
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1953‚ the government was persuaded to begin a production run of 600 aircrafts‚ in which the cost per aircraft would reach up to two million dollars (CAD). The original order was later reduced to 100 after Canada was forced to produce the engine‚ missile system‚ and fire control
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Microeconomics Topic 6: “Be able to explain and calculate average and marginal cost to make production decisions.” Reference: Gregory Mankiw’s Principles of Microeconomics‚ 2nd edition‚ Chapter 13. Long-Run versus Short-Run In order to understand average cost and marginal cost‚ it is first necessary to understand the distinction between the “long run” and the “short run.” Short run: a period of time during which one or more of a firm’s inputs cannot be changed. Long run: a period of time during which
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Dedication To my family‚ especially my mom and dad‚ Julieth and Phillip I love you all. I am proud to be part of you. May God richly bless us and multiply the fruits of our hard work and tenacity. It’s neither by might nor by power‚ but by my spirit‚ says the Lord! i Acknowledgements I wish to express my utmost gratitude to my supervisor‚ Mr. K. O Apreku for tirelessly working with me in carrying out this research. His inspiration‚ support‚ and guidance went a long way in making this
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