Introduction This assignment focuses on the cost functions of the Dutch Railways. In this tutorial will be an estimated cost function developed for the Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS). This cost function (expressed in Dutch Guilders) is based on the period of Year 1951 till Year 1993. This due to certain developments that made it more difficult to come to a good approach of a cost function. Based on the cost function‚ developed in this tutorial‚ there will be an answer provided on the question whether
Premium Marginal cost Mathematics Output
6 Q.No.6 7 Summary: 8 Introduction Cost Management delivers concise articles‚ experienced-based columns and case studies to evaluate how your present investment justification criteria and methods compare with those of other organizations‚ Learn about changing cost management methods and techniques and how they can be used to improve your company’s decision making in this assignment we going to workout calculate and try to find out different costs of company. In this assignment we going to
Premium Costs Manufacturing Management accounting
1. Product costs used for pricing and product-mix decisions generally include: Answer | | manufacturing costs only | | | design costs plus manufacturing costs | | | all costs incurred along the value chain | | | distribution costs only | 0.1 points Question 4 Within the relevant range‚ if there is a change in the level of the cost driver‚ then: Answer | | fixed and variable costs per unit will change | | | fixed and variable costs per unit will remain the
Premium Costs Variable cost Marginal cost
determine if the company is actually making money with their customers. With future growth imminent due to the success of their products‚ it was important that effort was taken to ensure that variable selling‚ general‚ and administrative (SG & A) costs did not increase faster than sales revenue. As Kanthal expanded operations and increased their market share‚ they captured business by meeting their customers ’ expectations for increased service. Increased demands were placed on their production and
Premium Costs Profit Fixed cost
Being able to determine whether a cost is fixed or variable is vital to the understanding of overhead loading and cost behavior. A fixed cost is unchanged with a change to the cost driver. (Horngren‚ Sutton‚ and Stratton p.46) Which means that a fixed cost does not rise with the change is production of your product. A good example of a fixed cost is rent. No matter how many widgets you make (within a relevant range) your rent will not increase. A variable cost‚ on the other hand‚ does change with
Premium Costs Variable cost Management accounting
Costs associated with two alternatives‚ code-named Q and R‚ being considered by Lang Corporation are listed below: | | Alternative Q | Alternative R | Supplies costs | $ 64‚500 | $ 64‚500 | Power costs | $ 36‚500 | $ 21‚500 | Inspection costs | $ 11‚400 | $ 26‚300 | Assembly costs | $ 38‚600 | $ 28‚000 | | Required: | a. | Which costs are relevant and which are not relevant in the choice between these two alternatives? |
Premium Net present value Variable cost Investment
Implement the decision‚ evaluate performance‚ and learn An example of interdependencies include absenteeism/low employee morale and increased labour costs. 11‐2 Relevant costs are expected future costs that differ among the alternative courses of action being considered. Historical costs are irrelevant because they are past costs and‚ therefore‚ cannot differ among alternative future courses of action. 11‐3 Quantitative factors are outcomes that are measured in numerical
Premium Variable cost Costs
Written by: Edmund Quek CHAPTER 6 THE THEORY OF COST LECTURE OUTLINE 1 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 INTRODUCTION SHORT-RUN THEORY OF COST Distinction between fixed cost and variable cost Total cost Marginal cost Average cost Relationship between marginal cost and average cost Optimum capacity LONG-RUN THEORY OF COST Cost minimisation in the long run Long-run average cost Productive efficiency References John Sloman‚ Economics William A. McEachern‚ Economics Richard G. Lipsey and
Premium Costs Economics of production Economics
Methods of Cost Variability The Methods * The Comparison Method * High and Low Point or Range Method * The Equation Method * The Average Method * The Graphic Method (Scatter diagram) * The Method of Least Squares * The Analytical Method or Degree of Variability Method Illustration From the following month-wise information in respect of semi-variable costs of a firm‚ segregate the cost into fixed and variable elements: Months2009 | Production (Units) | Semi Variable
Premium Costs Variable cost Management accounting
Cost-Quality Relationship Memo Ziv Mor Western Governors University TO: John D. Doe‚ Department Supervisor FROM: Zeav Mor‚ Quality Assurance DATE: April 1st‚ 2012 SUBJECT: Costs of Quality An important aspect for our consideration includes the costs of quality. Considering our product is not affected by place‚ income‚ sex‚ race‚ age‚ or any environmental concern‚ the profit margins should be considered higher. However‚ it is crucial to recognize three costs of quality
Premium Costs Quality control Management