Capital budgeting Capital budgeting describes the long-term longplanning for making and financing major long-term projects. long- CAPITAL BUDGETING 1. Identify potential investments. 2. Choose an investment. 3. Follow-up or “post audit.” Follow“post audit.” Net present value model Net present value model The net-present-value (NPV) method net-presentcomputes the present value of all expected future cash flows using a minimum desired rate of return. The minimum desired rate of
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WHAT IS CAPITAL BUDGETING? 1. 2. Decision making process of selecting and evaluating longterm investments. Examples include the decision to replace equipment‚ to develop new product‚ or to build new shop at a new branch of operations. It is very crucial for companies to make the right decisions because these projects require a huge amount of cash outflow committed for many years. A right decision will increase the firm’s value as well as the shareholders’ wealth. A wrong decision will
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11 Allocation of Joint Costs and Accounting for By-Product/Scrap Objectives After completing this chapter‚ you should be able to answer the following questions: LO.1 LO.2 LO.3 LO.4 LO.5 How are the outputs of a joint process classified? What management decisions must be made before beginning a joint process? How is the joint cost of production allocated to joint products? How are by-product and scrap accounted for? How should not-for-profit organizations account for the cost of a joint activity?
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financial risks is the debt to total capitalization ratio. This ratio measures the portion of a company’s total capital structure that is financed by debts. The ratio is calculated as: According to the balance sheet dated May 31‚ 2014‚ Nike had a total debt of $1.373 billion‚ and total shareholders’ equity of $10.824 billion. Computing these numbers gives a debt to total capital ratio of 11.26%. The balance sheet of Nike shows that there is no preferred stock offered by the company but
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Capital punishment‚ also known as death penalty is a “legal enforced deprivation of life based on a court decision; a lawful infliction of the extreme penalty on a person convicted of a grave offense. The morality of this practice is the subject of public debate‚ in which philosophical and ethical arguments play an essential role” (Nikolaichev‚ B. O). The issue of capital punishment can be a sensitive issue to approach on the grounds that individuals view it differently. American citizens are split
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Definition of ’Human Capital’ A measure of the economic value of an employee’s skill set. This measure builds on the basic production input of labor measure where all labor is thought to be equal. The concept of human capital recognizes that not all labor is equal and that the quality of employees can be improved by investing in them. The education‚ experience and abilities of an employee have an economic value for employers and for the economy as a whole. Read more: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/humancapital
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Capital Leases vs. Operating Leases - What’s the Difference? Which One Should I Use for Equipment Leasing? Leasing equipment is a common alternative to purchase. Of the two kinds of leases - capital leases and operating leases - each is used for different purposes and results in differing treatment on the accounting books of a business. Capital Leases •Capital leases are used for long-term leases and for items that not become technologically obsolete‚ such as many kinds of machinery.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: Increased financial pressures on hospitals have elevated the importance of working capital management‚ that is‚ the management of current assets and current liabilities‚ for hospitals’ profitability. Efficient working capital management allows hospitals to reduce their holdings of current assets‚ such as inventory and accounts receivable‚ which earn no interest income and require financing with short-term debt. The resulting cash inflows can be reinvested in interest-bearing
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investing in projects that will maximize the value of the firm. However‚ many analyses should be made before making the decision to invest in determinant projects. The process by which the firm decides which investment is most profitable is called capital budgeting. There are different methods by which a firm can find the economic valuation for a project: net present value (NPV)‚ internal rate of return (IRR) and profitability index (PI). Even though the firm has different evaluation methods to help
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trends in the capital structure of India Inc. are as follows: Key observations: * Indian corporate employ substantial amount of debt in their capital structure in terms of the debt-equity ratio as well as total debt to total assets ratio. * As a result of debt-dominated capital structure‚ the Indian corporate are exposed to a very high degree of total risk as reflected in high degree of operating leverage and financial leverage and‚ consequently‚ are subject to a high cost of financial
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