JOURNAL OF FINANCE • VOL. LIII‚ NO. 4 • AUGUST 1998 Agency Costs‚ Risk Management‚ and Capital Structure HAYNE E. LELAND* ABSTRACT The joint determination of capital structure and investment risk is examined. Optimal capital structure ref lects both the tax advantages of debt less default costs ~Modigliani and Miller ~1958‚ 1963!!‚ and the agency costs resulting from asset substitution ~Jensen and Meckling ~1976!!. Agency costs restrict leverage and debt maturity and increase yield spreads
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CHAPTER 9 THE COST OF CAPITAL (Difficulty: E = Easy‚ M = Medium‚ and T = Tough) Multiple Choice: Problems Easy: Cost of common stock Answer: d Diff: E [i]. Bouchard Company ’s stock sells for $20 per share‚ its last dividend (D0) was $1.00‚ and its growth rate is a constant 6 percent. What is its cost of common stock‚ rs? a. 5.0% b. 5.3% c. 11.0% d. 11.3% e. 11.6% Cost of common stock Answer: b Diff: E [ii]. Your company ’s stock
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Task 5: Cost of Capital TIP: read your lecture‚ it has a link to an example of computing cost of capital!! http://www.expectationsinvesting.com/tutorial8.shtml AirJet Best Parts Inc. is now considering that the appropriate discount rate for the new machine should be the cost of capital and would like to determine it. You will assist in the process of obtaining this rate. 1. Compute the cost of debt. Assume AirJet Best Parts Inc. is considering issuing new bonds. Select current bonds from
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Butler Lumber Company 1. Why does Mr. Butler have to borrow so much money to support this profitable business? 2. Do you agree with his estimate of the company’s loan requirements? How much will he need to borrow to finance his expected expansion in sales (assume a 1991 sales volume of $3.6 million) 3. As Mr. Butler’s financial adviser‚ would you urge him to go ahead with‚ or to reconsider‚ his anticipated expansion and his plans for additional debt financing? As the banker‚ would you
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case “Marriott Corporation: The cost of capital” 1) Are the four components of Marriott’s financial strategy consistent with its growth objective? In my opinion‚ the four components of Marriott’s financial strategy are consistent with its growth objective. As we find in the case‚ the four components of Marriott’s financial strategy: Manage rather than own hotel assets‚ Invest in projects that increase shareholder value‚ Optimize the use of debt in the capital structure‚ and Repurchase undervalued
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Sales ($68 per unit × 410‚000 units) $27‚880‚000 Variable costs ($60 per unit × 410‚000 units) 24‚600‚000 Contribution margin $ 3‚280‚000 1b. Contribution margin (from above) $3‚280‚000 Fixed costs 1‚640‚000 Operating income $1‚640‚000 2a. Sales (from above) $27‚880‚000 Variable costs ($54 per unit × 410‚000 units) 22‚140‚000 Contribution margin $ 5‚740‚000 2b. Contribution margin $5‚740‚000 Fixed costs 5‚330‚000 Operating income $ 410‚000 3 Operating
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Midland Energy/Sample 2 Midland Energy Resources‚ Inc. Midland Energy Resources‚ Inc. is a global energy company that operates in oil and gas exploration and production (E&P)‚ refining and marketing (R&M)‚ and petrochemicals. Midland’s most profitable segment is its E&P division which produces 67% of the company’s net income (Exhibit 3). Its largest division is R&M with the Petrochemical division being the smallest. The primary goals of Midland’s financial strategy are to fund substantial overseas
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discuss options that would be good for Futronic‚ Inc. in reducing cost for the business. We will look at outside sourcing for some of the in-house services. We will discuss keeping the business in house and look to outsource some of the units. The benefits of outsourcing will not only save our business money‚ it can help us grow and hire more local employees with the money we save. What are the main reasons people outsource? * Lower worker costs * Ability to concentrate on core functions
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What is a computer? Computer is technically defined as an electronic device use to process data‚ converting this data into information that is useful to people (Norton‚ 2000). It is the dumbest creation of man. What you see is what you get. They do not lie (Cain). The invention of this device did changes in the human life. In a relatively short time of its existence‚ the computer has spawned an industry that continues to grow rapidly. Today most of the students largely depend on this electronic
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PRACTICES” IN ESTIMATING THE COST OF CAPITAL: AN UPDATE 15 “Best Practices” in Estimating the Cost of Capital: An Update W. Todd Brotherson‚ Kenneth M. Eades‚ Robert S. Harris‚ and Robert C. Higgins “Cost of capital is so critical to things we do‚ and CAPM has so many holes in it—and the books don’t tell you which numbers to use… so at the end of the day‚ you wonder a bit if you’ve got a solid number. Am I fooling myself with this Theories on cost of capital have been around for decades
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