Subject: Financial Management Chapter no. 11: Capital Budgeting Chapter No. 11 – Capital Budgeting Contents ♦ Capital budgets as opposed to revenue budgets ♦ Different kinds of capital budgets – non-productive assets‚ improving operating efficiency and capital projects ♦ Choosing capital projects – Conventional and Discounted Cash Flow techniques ♦ Payback period‚ Discounted payback period‚ Net Present Value‚ Internal Rate of Return‚ Profitability Index methods ♦ Assumptions underlying different
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SHARE CAPITAL Share capital is the Funds raised by issuing shares in return for cash or other considerations. The amount of share capital a company has can change over time because each time a business sells new shares to the public in exchange for cash‚ the amount of share capital will increase. Share capital can be composed of both common and preferred shares. Each share carrying a vote in the management of the business‚ managerial control may be limited. The authorized capital of a company is
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Capital Punishment: Its Pros‚ Cons‚ and Effectiveness Within the United States I. Introduction This study looks to explore how capital punishment has had a positive or negative affect on our justice system. Some states enforce capital punishment within their state lines‚ and some do not. However‚ the states that do enforce it hardly ever do so‚ only in some rare instances. Crimes rates in the states vary with some being high and others remaining at a steady rate. Its no question that the
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TOPIC 6: CAPITAL ALLOWANCES Learning outcomes: At the end of this topic‚ students should be able to: i. Understand and identify the qualifying plant expenditure for plant and machinery. ii. Compute initial allowance‚ annual allowance‚ notional allowance and accelerated capital allowance. iii. Determine the balancing charge or balancing allowance on disposal of assets. 1.0 Introduction * Capital expenditure is not tax deductible. So‚ depreciation or amortization is also not deductible
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Internal capital rationing Impositions of restrictions by a firm on the funds allocated for fresh investment is called internal capital rationing. This decision may be the result of a conservative policy pursued by a firm. Restriction may be imposed on divisional heads on the total amount that they can commit on new projects.Another internal restriction for capital budgeting decision may be imposed by a firm based on the need to generate a minimum rate of return. Under this criterion only projects
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explaining the differences between revenue expenditures and capital expenditures during a useful life and identifying any similarities. Briefly explain the entries of revenue expenditures and capital expenditures. The difference between revenue expenditures and capital expenditures is that revenue expenditures are expenditures that are immediately charged against revenues as an expense (Weygandt‚ Kimmel‚ & Kieso 2010 pg. 409). Also capital expenditures are expenditures that increase the company’s
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Title Length Color Rating Capital Punishment - Capital Punishment Many distinctive doctrines in criminal law originated in efforts to restrict the number of capital crimes and executions. For instance‚ in the late 18th century‚ when all murder in the United States was punishable by death‚ Pennsylvania pioneered in dividing murder into two categories. The state enacted laws that authorized punishment of first-degree murder by death‚ while second-degree murder was punishable by imprisonment
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2. BACKGROUND The study of Working Capital Management cannot be over emphasised. It is a very important element in corporate financing and very crucial to company survival. Companies usually require an optimal level of working capital to meet daily obligations‚ continue production and make profit. However‚ some managers fall short and the companies liquidate. According to Harris (2005) “Working capital management is a simple and straight forward Concept of ensuring the ability of the firm to fund
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09/05/2014 A - Capital budgeting is an analysis of potential additions to fixed assets‚ it is part of the long term decisions taken by the top management and involve large expenditures. The capital budgeting is very important to firm’s future. The difference between capital budgeting and individual’s investment decisions are in the estimation of cash flows‚ risk‚ and determination of the appropriate
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Consequences of Death Penalty 3. Financial Cost of Death Penalty 4. Alternative Ways III. Conclusion Thesis statement: Nevertheless Death penalty is unethical and inhumane; it helps to achieve the balance in the country. Death penalty is one the debatable topics throughout the world. There is a conflict between law and ethics. Public opinion does not coincide with the state opinion. There are 33 countries‚ which use death penalty as capital punishment. According to Amnesty International
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