TELECOM PRICING CONSULTATION PAPER ON CONCEPTS‚ PRINCIPLES AND METHODOLOGIES III. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. OBJECTIVE OF THIS PAPER 1. This paper introduces various concepts‚ principles and methodologies for determining telecom tariffs and interconnection charges (i.e. charges paid by one operator to another for use of the latter’s network in delivering the telecom service). The purpose is to provide a basis for comments and suggestions from interested parties and the public to take forward the
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under efficient operating conditions absorption costing all manufacturing costs are assigned to products: direct material‚ direct labour‚ variable and fixed manufacturing overhead acceptable quality level (AQL) the defect rate at which total quality costs are minimised account classification method (or account analysis) the process in which managers use their judgement to classify costs as fixed‚ variable or semivariable costs accounting rate of return (or simple rate of return‚ rate of return on assets
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Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory Advance Access published September 2‚ 2011 Change-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Public Administration: The Power of Leadership and the Cost of Organizational Politics Eran Vigoda-Gadot‚ Itai Beeri University of Haifa ABSTRACT Using a well-grounded theory of organizational citizenship behavior‚ this study attempts to extend the meaning of the good soldier syndrome beyond its common boundaries of the business sector. We
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1. Export Oriented Unit Scheme: The EOU scheme was introduced in the year 1980 vide Ministry of Commerce resolution dated 31st December 1980. The purpose of the scheme was basically to boost exports by creating additional production capacity. It was introduced as a complementary scheme to the Free Trade Zones/ Export Processing Zone (EPZ) Scheme introduced in the sixties which had not attracted many units due to locational restrictions. The exporters showed willingness to set up units
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Classify each cost listed below as either a product cost or a period cost for purposes of preparing the financial statements for the bank. 1. The cost of the memory chips used in radar set. * Product Cost 2. Factory Heating Cost * Period Cost 3. Factory Equipment maintenance costs. * Period Cost 4. Training costs for new administrative employees * Period Costs 5. The cost of the solder that is used in assembling the radar sets. * Product costs 6. The Travel
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Individual Assignment 5 Glitzz: Devising a Pricing Strategy 1. What factors influence the pricing decisions for a product such as Glitzz? Analyze these factors and comment on the range of prices that can be set for Glitzz. Price is the amount of money given in exchange for the ownership or use of a good or service. Firms‚ like Glitzz need to consider the amount of money that consumers are willing to give up in exchange for their products. In making pricing decisions‚ firms‚ like Glitzz must first
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Cost Accounting – Classification of costs Cost accounting refers to a process of accumulating‚ recording‚ classifying and analyzing all costs incurred at various levels of production. The purpose of cost accounting is manifold. It provides a final selling price‚ suggests the best possible course of action where maximum savings are possible and a strategy for future. Cost accounting is also constructive in comparing the input and output results that ultimately aids the management to arrive at a financial
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successful cost reduction programmes In the current economic climate‚ most organisations must face up to a prolonged period of extreme competition and funding restrictions. This is particularly the case if the past few years have been focused on growth‚ service improvement or reorganisation (i.e. cost efficiency has not been a recent priority). Such pressures require an approach that reduces costs in a strategic‚ disciplined‚ and sustainable manner - delivered at pace. In our view serious cost reduction
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40‚000 | | 100‚000 | | 404 | | | | 20‚000 | 20‚000 | 40‚000 | | 405 | | | | | 20‚000 | 20‚000 | | Total | 90‚000 | 120‚000 | 90‚000 | 60‚000 | 40‚000 | 400‚000 | 2 Physical Measures Method | Produced | Proportion | Joint Cost Allocation | Unit Cost | 401 | 90‚000 | (90‚000/400‚000)0.225 or 22.5% | (200‚000 x 0.225)45‚000 | (45‚000/90‚000)0.5 | 402 | 120‚000 | (120‚000/400‚000)0.3 or 30% | (200‚000 x 0.3)60‚000 | (60‚000/120‚000)0.5 | 403 | 90‚000 | (90‚000/400‚000)0.225 or 22.5%
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1. The chief economist for Argus Corporation‚ a large appliance manufacturer‚ estimated the firm’s short-run cost function for vacuum cleaners using an average variable cost function of the form. AVC= a + bQ+ cQ^2 (the 2 is suppose to be exponent) Where AVC=dollars per vacuum cleaner and Q=number of vacuum cleaners produced each month. Total fixed cost each month is $180‚000. The following results were obtained: Dependent Variable:AVC R-Square
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