Pricing is one of the most necessary factor a company must take into consideration upon venturing into a selected industry. This is affected by different factors such as the manufacturing costs‚ marketing costs‚ legal mandates of the state‚ the competition‚ the condition of the industry and the quality of the product. Through this a company is capable of determining their profitability which then may determine how they can generating appropriate amount of income that will support their operation
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Textbooks: How are They Valued and Alternatives to Reduce the Cost Associated with Them By Zheni Goodrich Econ491-Seminar March 30‚ 2013 College textbooks are one of the largest expense and a great concern for students. The work presented here is going to answer the questions about why textbook is needed-how is it valued by students and professors‚ as provide a review of alternative options that students have in order to receive the most cost- efficient outcome when purchasing textbooks.
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1. Under what environmental conditions are price wars most likely to occur in an industry? What are the implications of price wars for a company? How should a company try to deal with the threat of a price war? Price wars are most likely to occur when the following conditions are present in an industry: the product is a commodity‚ exit barriers are substantial‚ excess capacity exists‚ the industry is consolidated‚ and demand is declining. A price war constitutes a strong threat. It is difficult
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VALUE Vs PRICE There are four major attributes of a commodity i.e.‚ an item or service produced for‚ and sold on the market has four major attributes. They are: • a value • a use‐value (or utility) • an exchange value • a price (it could be an actual selling price or an imputed ideal price) VALUE In simple words‚ value refers to the importance of a thing or utility of a commodity. But in economics the term “value” has a quite different meaning. According to the famous economist
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Price Discrimination in the Mobile Phone Market Mobile phones are nowadays a part of our lives‚ the majority of us use them on a daily basis. Some people use them less frequently‚ when they are away from their homes‚ while for some they have already replaced the old landline phone. Young people use the SMS and MMS services quite often‚ while more senior people limit themselves to just making calls . Some prefer the pay-as-you-go; others have monthly contracts for a flat fee. There are a variety
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A Problem with Price A Problem of Price This vignette is characteristic of what happens when buyers are asleep at the wheel. Sue Jones is a newly promoted buyer that is paying close attention to details of her new job. Sue finds that the companies that have bided in this process are all within about $50 of one another. The strange thing about thus is not the fact that the bids are so close but that the winning bid is not low enough. How does she get her cost down even lower? Sue should focus
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A price ceiling is a government-imposed limit on the price charged for a product. Governments intend price ceilings to protect consumers from conditions that could make necessary commodities unattainable. However‚ a price ceiling can cause problems if imposed for a long period without controlled rationing. Price ceilings can produce negative results when the correct solution would have been to increase supply. Misuse occurs when a government misdiagnoses a price as too high when the real problem
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which has a direct effect on pricing strategy. In this type of market environment‚ organizations increase profits by producing where MC=MR or marginal cost is equal to marginal revenue. McDonald’s and their competitive organizations set the prices for their industry. “Because of their “fewness‚” oligopolies have considerable control over their prices‚ but each must consider the possible reaction of rivals to its own pricing‚ output‚ and advertising decisions” (Brue et al‚ 2009). The two main competitors
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revenues from sales and minimize the costs of doing business. One way to determine the correct pricing for a product would be to use the concept of elasticity of demand. This paper will look at elasticity and the factors that go into calculating it‚ and describe how using elasticity could help Apple Inc. (Apple) maximize its revenue from the iPod. Finally‚ this paper will describe how a change in consumer income will affect the overall demand for iPods. Price elasticity is a tool designed to identify
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3 price discrimination With the rapid development of economy and market‚ the price discrimination phenomenon is more and more universal and the form is more and more multiple. Price discrimination refers to companies selling exactly the same or similar production to different customers at different prices. 1In November 2006‚ the major IT Web site noted‚ Lenovo in the United States launched a holiday promotion‚ and four models of ThinkPad were under undercut. TP R60 price was down from $
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