Evaluate the role of International trade and economic integration in promoting development. Traditionally‚ development has been measured in terms of income levels (GDP per capita) as this can show the value of a country’s goods and services produced in a year shared between its population. The GDP per capita can then be compared between multiple countries to form comparisons. However‚ the fundamental flaw of GDP is that it does not show what resources were used‚ how they were used‚ pollution or the
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2015 ASEAN INTEGRATION: Prospects and Opportunities for Academic Libraries in the Philippines Sharon Maria S. Esposo-Betan Philippines International Cooperation group of actions and/or resources exchanged between actors from different countries‚ voluntarily and according to their own interests and strategies Source: Rodriguez Vazquez‚ H. (2011). International cooperation for development: a Latin American perspective. 1950 Korean War 7‚500 April 22‚ 1951 Filipino troops Battle of Yultong
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Cost Benefit Analysis for the Three Gorges Dam William Zhi Introduction The Three Gorges Dam (TGD) and associated infrastructure is the largest integrated water project built in the history of the world. It has also been one of the most controversial due to its massive environmental‚ economic‚ and social impacts. Private costs: * Construction costs of the power station and transmission facilities --64.613 billion Yuan up to 2006 (source: "International Water Power and Dam Construction"
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the value chain is referred to as horizontal integration. This form of expansion contrasts with vertical integration by which the firm expands into upstream or downstream activities. Horizontal growth can be achieved by internal expansion or by external expansion through mergers and acquisitions of firms offering similar products and services. A firm may diversify by growing horizontally into unrelated businesses. Some examples of horizontal integration include: * The Standard Oil
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___________________________ On the Economics of Regional Powers: Comparing China‚ India‚ Brazil‚ and South Africa Robert Kappel No 145 www.giga-hamburg.de/workingpapers September 2010 GIGA Working Papers serve to disseminate the research results of work in progress prior to publicaton to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the Working Papers series does not constitute publication and should not limit publication in any other venue. Copyright
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Executive Summary It is clear enough that in today’s era it is extremely critical for firms to adopt global and regional business strategies in order to attain sustainable competitive advantage. But the question arises regarding classification of a MNE (Multinational Enterprise) as a global firm. This essay critically analyses the work on regional strategy as a response to Osegowitsch and Sammartino and attempts to cover the following aspects in detail. Notion of Globalization and Global Strategy
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International Integration Introduction The ongoing process of international integration is often referred to as ’globalization ’. An organization called the ’United Nations ’ (UN) is specifically important as it is contributing to this process by creating a possibility for its members to discuss problems‚ initiatives and much more. Almost all states are its members and through that an important environment is created for international integration. The question
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Chapter 6 Vertical integration Definition: Corporate Strategy is a firms theory of how to gain a competitive advantage by operating in several businesses simultaneously. Value chain is a set of activities that must be accomplished to bring a product or service from raw material to the point that it can be sold to a final customer Vertical integration is simply the number of steps in this value chain that a firm accomplishes within its boundaries. - Backward vertical integration= a firm incorporates
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National integration is the mean by which the people constituting a nation are brought together so that the whole people are unified by the leadership on the basis of their common system of symbols and institutions which these groups select‚ standardize‚ maintain arid transmit from generation to generation. National integration has two important aspects; firstly‚ the existing pattern of state and government and secondly; the formation and development of the character‚ mind and consciousness of every
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and eventually arrive at full European integration. The "establishment of the European Union in November 1993 reoriented the European movement ." The union incorporates a good portion of Western Europe and fundamentally acts as an enforcer of all the agreements the included nations make with each other in terms of trade and the "economic‚ political‚ and social stabilization of the entire continent ." As we seem to get closer to Europe’s achieving integration‚ the actual possibility of it ever really
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