Salomon v A Salomon and Co Ltd (Salomon) has created an impressive case in English Law history. The decision of the House of Lords in Salomon has reaffirmed the separate legal personality of a company. A separate legal personality is also known as the corporate personality. It is one of the consequences of the Company Act 2006 which incorporated a sole trader company to a limited company. When a company has undergone incorporation‚ it simply means that the shareholders of the company are separated
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Citation Eisner v. Macomber‚3 AFTR 3020‚ 252 US 189‚1 USTC ¶32 (US‚ 1920) Issue (1) Under the 16th Amendment‚ does Congress have the power to tax stock dividends received by the Macomber? (2) Are stock dividends considered income? Facts Mrs. Macomber owned 2‚200 shares of Standard Oil Company. In January 1916‚ Standard Oil Company declared a 50% stock dividend. Mrs. Macomber received an additional 1‚100 shares of stock with a $19‚877 par value. The shares represented a surplus for Standard
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Political Systems- Final 6 October 2014 Miranda v. Arizona Outline Argued: February 28‚ March 1 and 2‚ 1966 Decided: June 13‚ 1966 Supreme Court Decision: The Supreme Court ruled 5-4 in favor of Miranda and it also enforced the Miranda warning to be given to a person being interrogated while in the custody of the police. Miranda Warning: You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say or do can and will be held against you in a court of law. You have the right to speak to an attorney
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not perform the greatest ability to protect all members of a society. In the case of Miranda v Arizona‚ the courts had to decide whether or not a man was deprived of his freedoms while in police custody. Basically Miranda v Arizona completely changed the way police apprehend and interrogate suspects. However it was not only Miranda‚ but many other instances where the majority has not protected all minorities. Vignera v New York was another similar instance where a suspect was forced to sign statements
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Texas v. Johnson (1989) In 1984‚ following a protest march through the streets of Dallas‚ Texas against the policies of the Reagan Administration‚ Gregory Lee Johnson was handed an American flag. Outside the Dallas City Hall‚ Johnson through the flag onto the ground‚ poured kerosene on it‚ and set fire to it. Many protesters around Johnson began a chant of‚ "America‚ the red‚ white‚ and blue‚ we spit on you!" While many protesters agreed with what Johnson had done‚ there were several others who
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Mapp v. Ohio‚ 367 U.S. 1081‚ 81 S. Ct. 1684‚ 6 L. Ed. 2d 1081 (1961) Facts: On May 23rd‚ 1957‚ three Cleveland police officers arrived at the home of Mrs. Mapp with information that ‘a person was hiding out in the home‚ who was wanted for questioning in connection with a recent bombing‚ and that there was a large amount of policy paraphernalia being hidden in the home’. Mrs. Mapp and her daughter lived on the top floor of the two-family dwelling. Upon their arrival at that house‚ the officers
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Zippittelli v. J.C. Penney Company‚ Inc. 1 Zippittelli v. J.C. Penney Company Michelle White Professor Laura Hansen-Brown August 23‚ 2012 ZIPPITTELLI V. J.C. PENNEY COMPANY 2 Summary This was a case brought to action by Joanne Zippittelli against her employer‚ J.C. Penney Company. Zippittelli testified that she was one of four women who applied for a position within the company and she was overlooked for the job due to her age. All four women had the same job title and
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for liability charges. In student injury cases such as Hansen vs. Board of Education‚ the court observed a pattern with careless hiring‚ neglectful supervision‚ and unconcerned retention. It is important to cautiously screen all candidates‚ conduct suitable evaluations‚ and to create an environment that allows teachers to have witnesses. This environment will provide adequate monitoring and a comfortable environment for staff and students. In Kelly G. v Board of Education of the City of Yonkers
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entity independent of its members‚ can enter into contracts and own property in its own right‚ can sue and be sued and also taxed in its own name. The principle of corporate entity was established in the case of Salomon v A. Salomon ‚ now referred to as the ‘Salomon’ principle. The facts of this case were that the owner of a business sold it to a company he had formed‚ in return for fully paid-up shares to himself and members of his family‚ and secured debentures. When the company went into liquidation
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The Fifth Amendment which in 1934 the “which protects a defendant from being compelled to be a witness against themselves” (Wright‚ 2013). The self-incrimination portion of the Fifth Amendment was tested case of Miranda v. Arizona. This is the same case that leads to the Miranda Warning. The Miranda warning is an “explanation of rights that must be given before any custodial interrogation” so that self-incrimination will not be a factor. No person can be compelled to openly admit to a crime. They
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