Chapter 6 - Answer Key to Section Review 1-3 Section Review 1 1. What is the main distinction between ionic and covalent bonding? Answer (A): Ionic bonding involves the electrical attraction between large numbers of anions and cations. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms. Translation: -Ionic bonding happens between a metal and a non-metal (east coast and west coast) -One atom completely donates its valence electrons to another atom -Metals
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Types: ionic‚ covalent‚ metallic‚ hydrogen bonding‚ van der Waals (including London dispersion forces) c. Polarity of bonds‚ electronegativities 2. Molecular models a. Lewis structures TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDING Ionic Bonding - two atoms of opposite charge electrically attracted to one another Covalent Bonding - two atoms each sharing electrons within a molecular orbital Metallic Bonding - positive metal ions held together in a lattice with a “sea of electrons” An actual chemical bond is a blend of
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compounds or covalent compounds? What is the reason for this difference in melting points? (3 points) Ionic compounds have higher melting and boiling points than covalent compounds. The electrostatic attraction in an ionic bond is very strong hence a lot of heat energy is required to break it down‚ ionic bonds have high melting and boiling points. In covalent bonds‚ the intermolecular forces are very weak and are easily broken‚ hence lesser heat is required and thus covalent bonds have lower melting
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1. Polar molecules A. have bonds with an unequal distribution of electric charge. B. must form ions in water solution. C. have bonds with an equal distribution of electrical charge. D. have bonds with an overall negative charge. E. have bonds with an overall positive charge. Correct See Section 2.2: How Do Atoms Bond to Form Molecules? Points Earned: 1/1 Correct Answer: A Your Response: A 2. Hydrocarbons are _______ and _______‚ whereas salts are _______ and _______. A. nonpolar;
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101 Part I Multiple Choice (2 points each) 1. Which element is most likely to form three covalent bonds? A) C B) Si C) P D) S E) Se 2. A chemical bond formed when two atoms share two pairs of electrons is a ________ bond; it is best described as ________. A) double; covalent B) double; ionic C) single; covalent D) single; ionic E) triple; covalent 3. Which property could describe a covalent compound? A) It conducts electricity when melted. B) Has a low boiling point C) It is composed
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which increases with its tendency to attract the electron of a bond. f) Polar covalent bond: Polar covalent bonds act between two atoms; the electrons forming the bond are unequally spread. These bonds can lead to the formation of a weak bond which is called hydrogen. Also it will cause the molecule to have an electrical dipole moment‚ where one end will be positive and the other end negative. G) Non- polar covalent bond: Electrons are shared between elements having a difference in
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Bonding structure Metals: metallic bonding Ionic compound (metal +nonmetal): ionic bonding Molecule (nonmetal +nonmetal): covalent bonding 3.1 Metallic Bonding 1) Definition The electrostatic attraction between a lattice if positive ions and delocalized electrons. 2) The strength of metallic bonding (depend on) Delocalized electrons (=valence electrons=Group number) More valence electrons‚ stronger metallic bonding Ionic radii (=distance between nucleus and e-) Greater ionic radius
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Bases are substances that are in aqueous solution‚ are slippery to the touch‚ taste bitter‚ change the color of indicators Examples turn red litmus paper blue and react with acids to form salts‚ promote certain chemical reactions. General properties of a base are Concentrated or strong bases and are caustic on organic matter and react violently with acidic substances. Also bases can are bitter in taste. And the pH of a basic solution at standard conditions is greater than seven. Strong bases are
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it operates in a vacuum b. it can magnify the specimen 500‚000 times c. it has the resolving power needed d. light cannot penetrate membranes 4. Polar covalent bonds: a. are found in molecules like CH4 b. account for the interaction among water molecules c. are found in hydrophobic molecules d. are a variant of an ionic bond 5. Responsible for cell movements in eukaryotic cells: a. ribosomes b. lysosomes c. cytoskeleton d. chloroplasts e. Golgi apparatus 6. An organelle/structure
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Chapter 8 Bonding: General Concepts Types of Chemical Bonds Bond energy refers to the energy that bonds hold with each other‚ it is tested by how much energy it takes to break the bond‚ whatever it takes to break‚ it takes to create and hold. Ionic Bonding is made between two oppositely charged ions come together to form a bond Ionic Compound is a nonmetal and a metal that bonds. Bond Length is the minimal distance between the two atoms. Covalent Bonding is when atoms “share” electrons in order for
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