The 7 Layers of the OSI Model Last updated: March 03‚ 2008 The OSI‚ or Open System Interconnection‚ model defines a networking framework for implementing protocols in seven layers. Control is passed from one layer to the next‚ starting at the application layer in one station and proceeding to the bottom layer‚ over the channel to the next station and back up the hierarchy. |Application |This layer supports application and end-user processes. Communication partners
Premium OSI model Data Link Layer
Discussion Using the Thin Layer Chromatography experiment‚ caffeine was found to be the most polar due to the fact that it stayed closer to the stationary phase. Caffeine contains four amine groups that are extremely polar as a result of the hydrogen bond and amide functional group. Acetaminophen was found to be the second most polar analgesic drug tested. Acetaminophen contains a polar alcohol group on one side and amide group on the other but also includes non-polar functional groups that consisted
Premium Aspirin Paracetamol Ibuprofen
<b>The Greenhouse Effect</b> <br>The earth’s climate is predicted to change because human activities are altering the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the build up of greenhouse gases primarily carbon dioxide‚ methane‚ and nitrous oxide. <br> <br>Energy from the sun drives the earth’s weather and climate‚ and heats the earth’s surface. This causes the earth to radiate the energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapour‚ carbon dioxide‚ and other gases) trap some
Premium Ozone depletion Greenhouse gas Oxygen
=========== ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ============ Organic Chemistry Laboratory - CH 201 (2010-2011) Experiment 4B Column and Thin-Layer Chromatography of Capsicum Frutescens L. Pigments John Cyril Abanto*‚ Vernalyn Abarintos and Clarice Gail Abella Department of Chemistry‚ College of Science University of Santo Tomas‚ Espana Street‚ Manila 1050 Date Submitted: September‚ 2010 ____________________________________________________________
Free Chromatography Thin layer chromatography
Sublayers of the data link layer The data link layer has two sublayers: logical link control (LLC) and media access control (MAC). Logical link control sublayer The uppermost sublayer‚ LLC‚ multiplexes protocols running atop the data link layer‚ and optionally provides flow control‚ acknowledgment‚ and error notification. The LLC provides addressing and control of the data link. It specifies which mechanisms are to be used for addressing stations over the transmission medium and for
Premium Data Link Layer OSI model Ethernet
COLUMN AND THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY Group 9 RAMOS‚ Sharina Joy; REYES Aina Marie; REYES Jallisa Maan; RUBIO‚ John Michael; SABINO Patricia Anne; SANTOS‚ Carlos Rafael ABSTRACT To separate the colored components of siling labuyo and to determine the purity of the components‚ the students performed a column and thin or solid-liquid chromatography procedure. The solid may be almost any material that does not dissolve in liquid phase. But for this experiment‚ the solid used by the students was
Premium Thin layer chromatography Chromatography
Three attacks in SSL protocol and their solutions Hong lei Zhang Department of Computer Science The University of Auckland zhon003@ec.auckland.ac.nz Abstract Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) is the protocol above TCP‚ which can protect user’s privacy when they sending data from a client side to a web server‚ this is an important protocol due to the expansion of Internet. In fact‚ it is a long way to make the SSL/TLS protocol perfectly. However there are still
Premium Cryptography Transport Layer Security RSA
Experiment #1: Thin-Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Drug Components | Performed on: Wednesday‚ May 8th‚ 2013 | | | 5/15/2013 | | Introduction: The goal of this experiment was to identify an unknown analgesic drug through the use of thin-layer chromatography. The drugs used were‚ Unknown #1‚ caffeine‚ aspirin‚ and acetaminophen. Thin-Layer Chromatography is a technique for identifying substances using a mobile phase (developing solvent) that draws up through a
Free Chromatography Thin layer chromatography Caffeine
Thin-Layer Chromatography of Analgesics Abstract: In this experiment thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used to determine the composition of an unknown mixture of analgesics given five references of AC‚ ASP‚ CAF‚ IBU‚ SAL‚ an unknown consisting of a mixture of three of the references‚ and two unknowns (6‚23) containing a single reference compound. The composition of the unknown mixture and two single unknowns were determined by spotting the reference compounds and the unknown compounds on two
Premium Thin layer chromatography Acetic acid
the ozone layer is a major concern today. The ozone layer protects us from the harmful rays of the sun; therefore it is imperative that we preserve it. Since more pollutants are produced today than ever before (because of the major increase in the population)‚ there is a major concern that we create less pollutants to help conserve the ozone layer. In this research paper I will give vital information on how pollution affects the ozone layer and methods instituted to help the ozone layer. In this research
Premium Ozone depletion Ozone Ozone layer