TIME VALUE OF MONEY 1. If you were scheduled to receive Rs 100‚000 five years hence‚ but you wish to sell your contract note for its present value‚ which type of compounding would you rather have the purchaser of your contract note to use to find the purchase price‚ 8 percent compounded: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Continuously Quarterly Semi-annually Annually None of the above 2. According to the rule of 69‚ the doubling period is equal to (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 0.25 + (69/ Interest rate) 0.35 + (69/ Interest
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TIME VALUE Time Value • Interest Rates • Compounding • Discounting • Effective Rates • Annuities • Perpetuities 2 Interest Rates • Types – Bank rate vs. Prime rate – Mortgage rates – Deposit‚ Loan‚ Credit rates • Movement – Demand / Supply – Inflation/ Deflation – Government intervention 3 Main Components 1. Real 2. Inflation 3. Risk *Note: - Risk Free (Rf) = Real + Inflation - Nominal = Rf + Risk Premium 4 Risk Free & Real Rate • Risk Free (Rf) = Real +
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The value of Time The value of time is limitless‚ it cannot be measured. The value of time arises from the fact that human life is short but he has to do a lot of works within the short span of time. Each work requires some time. If the work is not finished in time‚ it may not be finished at all. That explains why time is so valuable and it should not be lost for nothing. Tome goes on like the tide of a river and it never waits for anybody. Lost time can never be found again. Misuse of time
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VALUE FOR MONEY It could be defined as a concept that evaluates the use of resources at the disposal of an organization with the view to ensuring that the resources have been properly utilized. VFM frequently makes extensive use of performance indicators in the form of ratios and other statistics to sign post VFM through trends over time‚ in comparison to two operating units etc. Under this concept‚ we have three test ways to know if the firms resources have been properly utilized and it includes;
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this question needs the explanation of inter-relation between business risk and audit risk‚ which is automatically‚ must include the risk analysis as an approach to auditing to overcome with the concern of handling these risks. Before entering deeper to the business risk and how an auditor can manage and be aware of these risks‚ lets define and describe some of the terms which is related to this question as follows:- Business risk is generally defined as the threat posed by an event or action
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The “value of time” according to transport economics refers to the opportunity cost of the time that voyager spend on their journey. In other words‚ it is the amount that a traveler would be willing to pay in order to save time‚ or the amount they would accept as compensation for lost time. It’s a known fact that one of the main reasons behind the transport improvements is the amount of time that travelers can save. Using a set of values of time‚ the economic benefits of a transport project can be
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themselves sold in the city to pimps‚ who take money from the women as commission. The other causes of prostitution include ill treatment by parents‚ bad company‚ family prostitutes‚ social customs‚ inability to arrange marriage‚ lack of sex education‚ media‚ prior incest and rape‚ early marriage and desertion‚ lack of recreational facilities‚ ignorance‚ and acceptance of prostitution. Economic causes include poverty and economic distress. Psychological causes include desire for physical pleasure‚ greed‚ and
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Big Time Toymaker Case Scenario: Big Time Toymaker Big Time Toymaker (BTT) develops‚ manufactures‚ and distributes board games and other toys to the United States‚ Mexico‚ and Canada. Chou is the inventor of a new strategy game he named Strat. BTT was interested in distributing Strat and entered into an agreement with Chou whereby BTT paid him $25‚000 in exchange for exclusive negotiation rights for a 90-day period. The exclusive negotiation agreement stipulated that no distribution
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000 in a bank account that pays 10 percent interest annually‚ how much money will be in your account after 5 years? 2. What is the present value of a security that promises to pay you $5‚000 in 20 years? Assume that you can earn 7 percent if you were to invest in other securities of equal risk. 3. If you deposit money today into an account that pays 6.5 percent interest‚ how long will it take for you to double your money? 4. Your parents are planning to retire in 18 years. They currently
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Business Case Scenario: State Street Bank - Investment Bank (Custodian Bank) and the Use of IT services History: State Street Corporation‚ known as State Street‚ is a US-based international financial services holding company. State Street was founded in 1792 and is the second oldest financial institution in the United States. The company’s headquarters are at One Lincoln Street in Boston and it has offices in 25 countries State Street is organized into three main divisions. The Global Services
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