INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS An Economic Analysis on The Underground Economy A CONCEPTUAL APPROACH BISOCEANU MARIA-CRISTINA NEGREA BIANCA-DENISA Summary: I. Introduction II. Conceptual clarifications and a theoretical approach II.1 The labor market. The minimum wage. II.2 Unemployment. The opportunity cost of labor. III. The Underground Economy III.1 The illegal economy III.2 The informal economy III.3 The underground production IV. Conclusions I. Introduction
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...................................................xxiii Abbreviations and acronyms ......................................................................................................xxvi PART 1. THE CREATIVE ECONOMY Chapter 1. 1.1 Concept and context of the creative economy 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1.5 1.1.6 1.1.7 1.1.8 1.1.9 1.1.10 1.1.11 1.1.12 1.1.13 3 Evolving concepts and definitions ........................................................................................3
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References: Annual Review of Global Sports Salaries‚ 2010 published by sportingintelligence.com B Joseph Pine and James H Gilmore‚ 1998‚ Welcome to the experience economy Bhavin Pandya and Mitesh Jaysawal‚ 2010‚ Merchandising Domestic Cricket League Brands: Discernible Way to Keep the Brands Productive and Alive‚ European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 14‚ Number 1 (2010) Bourgeon and Bouchet‚ 2001 D Brand Finance Report‚ 2010 reports IPL to be
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INTRODUCTION TO INDIAN RAILWAYS Indian Railways‚ a historical legacy‚ are a vital force in our economy. The first railway on Indian sub-continent ran from Bombay to Thane on 16th April 1853. Fourteen railway carriages carried about 400 guests from Bombay to Thane covering a distance of 21 miles (34 Kilometers). Since then there has been no looking back. Today‚ it covers 6‚909 stations over a total route length of more than 63‚028 kilometres. The track kilometers in broad gauge (1676 mm) are 86‚
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Economy of scale refers to the benefits of producing on a large scale. When firms and industries increase the scale of their operation there can be advantages which reduce the average (unit) cost of their output. Internal economy of scale is the benefit‚ in the form of lower average costs‚ which a firm can gain from increasing its size. Internal economies of scale arise from the growth of the firm itself. One internal economy of scale can be marketing economies. For food retail industry‚ large
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The Indian Consumer The middle class male consumer The middle class of India is for whom most of the advertising is targeted. Even in the lower middle class‚ consumer products like biscuits‚ talcum powder‚ hair oil‚ hair cream‚ toilet soaps‚ leather foot ware‚ casual foot ware‚ wrist watches‚ quartz watches etc. are purchased. To get a much better understanding of the middle class “male” head of the family‚ consider the following characteristics: Security Seeking: The middle class
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Command Market Introduction Globally‚ there are at least 4 well known economy systems that are used by countries around the world. They include the traditional market‚ free market‚ command market and mixed market. Certainly‚ the way government policies work and their influence on the economic growth of their country vary depending on which economic system is used. It is also important to note that these different systems of economy management have their own distinct advantages and disadvantages as well
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Economy of Switzerland Switzerland as the world knows it today is a country with strong and stable economy. With countries ups and downs‚ the noticeable economic revival begun in 2002‚ when political and economic actors have implemented a “game plan” which included certain measurements. With certain handling of situation in economy‚ Switzerland could feel a perceptible growth year after year. This essay discuses Switzerland’s achievements in development of country’s economy‚ as well as examines
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Green economy 1. What is bad for you and the environment is cheap 2. What is good for you and good for the environment is expensive 3. Most people cant afford it 4. Not only is it expensive it isn’t any better for the environment Blue economy 1. Open your eyes to see what we have 2. Using what you thought was waste to create food energy and jobs 3. Poverty into development 4. Scarcity into abundance 5. Make a bigger cake to share 6. Starts with entrepreneurs
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ECONOMIES OF SCALE Economies of scale are an important aspect of efficiency in production .Economies of can henceforth be define as ‘the reduction in average costs of production‚ that occur as a firm increases in size’. As businesses grow and their outputs increases‚they commonly benefit from a reduction in average costs of production.Total costs will increase with the increase in output‚but the cost of producing each unit falls as output increases .The reduction
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