Concept Application of Concept to the Issue of Downloading Reference to Concept in Reading Civil Law & Criminal Law Downloading music illegally can be brought under the envelope of either the civil law or the criminal law. The individual(s) or the entity(ies) that own the property(music) can file a civil lawsuit against the website that offers music for downloading. In other case a criminal case can be brought against those who download and use the music. “Civil cases may include suits
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The International Criminal Court and the United States of America Ee Wenyang‚ Jonathan S8811568F I. Introduction The United States of America has a long history of support for international criminal justice that can be traced from the Nürnberg War Crimes Trial through to the International Criminal Tribunals for Yugoslavia (“ICTY”) and Rwanda (“ICTR”).[1] Towards the close of the century‚ the United States proved itself as an ardent supporter for the creation of a
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This essay will critically discuss the effect of the [courts’] overbroad view in reading of the element of appropriation which led to the offence of theft being interpreted as an extraordinarily wide one. Since the introduction of the Theft Act 1968 there has been inconsistency in the interpretation of appropriation as courts and commentators have grappled with the intuition that appropriation must entail some subjective element and cannot be purely objective. With the aim of moving
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the whole overall subject of criminology‚ the difference amongst blue-collar and white-collar crime as well as the broad awareness of the frequency of crime occurring in the United States. The public needs to understand the different specifics of law enforcement as well as be able to differentiate between what is real and what is not. According to (Schmalleger‚ 2009)‚
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various cases that need to be considered to assess a crime along with a thorough explanation of corporate liability. Elements of Crime When proving that the defendant is guilty‚ there are two elements of law which are Actus Rea and Mens Rea. Actus Rea (a/r) Actus Rea is the physical element of a crime which is basically what the defendant has done and not done. Actus Rea can be: Voluntary act A failure to act A state of affairs An act (Voluntary
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Week 5 Individual Work Diane Emler Everest University Online CJL 3215-6 Concepts of Criminal Law William Elfo August 17‚ 2013 The Choice of Evil Defense is also called the General Defense of Necessity. This defense justifies an act that may be a crime but is done to prevent a greater evil. “the choice of evil’s defense consists of proving that the defendant made the right choice‚ the only choice—namely‚ the necessity of choosing now to do a lesser evil to avoid a greater evil” (Samaha‚ 2014). The
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Midterm Criminal Law State v. Doug Homicide: The unlawful taking of the life of one human being by another. Actual Causation : The defendant’s act must have been the “cause in fact” of the victim’s death. Without the defendant’s actions‚ the victim would not have died. “But for” Doug shooting and killing Tom‚ he would not have died. Proximate Causation: A defendant’s actions are the proximate cause of the victim’s death if the result occurs as a consequence of the defendant’s
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Attempt is defined as having the intent to commit a crime and taking a step beyond mere preparation toward the completion of the crime. There are several tests to determine if an attempt was actually committed. The Last Act This is under common law and rejected by almost all jurisdictions as of date. This test says that in order to complete an attempt the individual must have taken the last step necessary for the completion. EX. Firing the gun. Last Proximate Act In order to prove attempt
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LAW 209 FINAL EXAM MAY 18‚ 2012. PROF. URIEL INSTRUCTIONS: THIS EXAM IS DUE TO ME NO LATER THAN 11:59 PM ON MAY 22‚ 2012. THE EXAM IS OPEN BOOK‚ BUT YOU MAY NOT COLLABORATE WITH ANY OTHER STUDENT. THE CHAPTERS TESTED ARE SEVEN THROUGH 13. YOU ARE REMINDED TO INCLUDE ANY EXTRA CREDIT AT THE END OF THE EXAM. WRITE YOUR ANSWERS AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT AND EMAIL THEM TO ME AT JURIEL@JJAY.CUNY.EDU QUESTION 1: Albert has long wanted to smoke Cuban and Nicaraguan cigars. Believing that it is illegal
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ACL REFERENCE MUST BE USED In Ferguson v Walkley (2008) 17 VR 647‚ Harper J said (at [1])‚ “The principles of democratic governance have had difficulty in accommodating laws designed to deal with offensive behaviour — with which I include offensive language.” Later in that same case‚ Harper J observed (at [5])‚ “According to Professors Bronitt and McSherry‚ “[c]riminalising offensive language or conduct has the potential to interfere with the freedom of expression‚ assembly and association protected
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