Archimedes found that Pi was between 3 10/70 and 3 10/71. Ptolemy was the next researcher. In 150 AD‚ he calculated pi to 3.1416. In 480‚ Zu Chongzhi calculated pi to seven decimal places. In 1665‚ Isaac Newton calculated it to 16 places. In the 17th century pi began being called the Ludolphian number after Ludolph van Ceulen‚ a German mathematician. He calculated pi to 35 places. The first person to use the Greek letter was a Welsh mathematician William Jones‚ in 1706. People use pi everyday
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17th-century English colonial architecture resembles the late medieval forms that survived in rural England. Houses were built in a range of sizes. Gables‚ overhangs‚ and lack of symmetry reflected the late medieval style of Europe. In Virginia and Maryland‚ brick construction was preferred for the typically story and a half homes with chimneys at both ends and a more nearly symmetrical facade. Aside from fortifications‚ the principal nondomestic structures in the 17th-century colonies were churches
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Bills of Exchange‚ Centralized Banking and Pawning The rise of intercontinental trade between Europe‚ Africa and the Americas radically changed European markets and led to an enormous commercial expansion in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. What did such a world look like? Regular scheduled cargo ships from the Americas arrived at European ports‚ increasing the supply of luxury goods such as rum‚ sugar‚ mahogany and tobacco. Slave ships regularly sailed for and to Africa in search of human
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a brand being burned into the side of someone’s face for stealing an apple. This is one of the many harsh punishments given in 18th century England. Crime was not taken lightly‚ and criminals were made sure to be punished. Compared to modern day England‚ punishments for any crime were unrelenting. These punishments were even made for the public to watch. In 18th century England‚ punishments were dictated based on the established laws‚ the gender of the accused‚ and how severe the crime. To begin
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Sentencing and punishment essay in achieving justice The main purpose of the criminal justice system is to prevent crimes and to protect citizens from the wrong doings of others and to keep society in a stable and working order. Throughout Australia‚ sentencing is the final unambiguous act given from the court to the offender as their result of punishment. The Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 (NSW) is apparent to be one of the main core of statutory guidelines in relation to the sentencing
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assumptions about the role of the criminal justice system in our society.” This quote from Michelle Alexander gives realization that our justice system is not perfect. While sentencing people to death may seem like the best option when in morn‚ we neglect the fact that innocents is still at hand. This goes in regards to the presumption of innocence‚ stating that one is innocent until proven guilty. Too many acquitted individuals have fallen to capital punishment‚ claiming the lives of more than 1
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The similarities and differences during the 15th through the 17th century amongst the Europeans‚ Muslims‚ and china is that much of their beliefs varied which than caused much differences among these three types of ethnic backgrounds. How the community interacted with each other influenced the way society acted in general‚ some communities acted in a well concerned manner‚ while some were stressed and disregarding the effects to being able to live in a well adjusted community. The Europeans were
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The 17th and 18th centuries are commonly referred to as the Enlightenment. The ideals of the period are based upon reason. People began thinking for themselves rather than the government or the church think for you. People began questioning‚ and not relying on fear‚ superstition‚ government or faith to guide them. Instead people used reason and logic to search for truth. Searching for the truth leaves out faith and science becomes the new focus. The scientific method becomes the standard when
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The Protestant Reformation of the Sixteenth Century The Protestant Reformation ignited a religious reform movement that separated the western Christian church into Catholic and Protestant groups. Martin Luther embarked on a journey to start the religious reform movement; there were other developments before him that set a foundation for a religious alteration in the sixteenth century. The Protestant Reformation allowed for Protestantism to flourish throughout Europe‚ united the Roman Catholic Church
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In America‚ land was abundant and appeared very attractive to a lot of rich Englishmen. Due to overpopulation in the 17th century‚ land was scarce in England and owning property was considered a sign of wealth. In fact‚ it was the most important source of wealth for Englishman because through the land they could hold and produce more wealth through products such as tobacco and rice. Scarce land in England was becoming a serious problem due to overpopulation and the weathering out of the land there
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