Bibliography: Passer‚ M. W. & R. E. Smith (2004). Psychology - The Science of Mind and Behaviour (2nd Edition): McGraw Hill. Hogg‚ M.A.‚ and Vaughan‚ G.A. Social Psychology (2nd Ed.) London: Prentice Hall Europe. Sherif‚ M. (1936). The Psychology of Social Norms. New York: Harper. Asch‚ S. E. (1951). Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgement. In H. Guetzkow (ed.) Groups
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as assigning a quality or character to a person or an object‚ in the context of Psychology‚ refers to the classification of factors that affect behaviour. Behaviour is attributed to either or both dispositional factors and situational factors. Dispositional factors refer to the internal causes of an individual’s behaviour‚ whilst situational factors deal with the external causes of behaviour which can include the social setting and environment. Two common errors of attribution are the Fundamental attribution
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What makes some people help and others stand by? A lot of social psychological research focuses on anti-social behaviour. This essay will look at the other side of the coin and focus on pro-social behaviour‚ specifically helping behaviour and altruism. It will look at what causes people to help or not help and the phenomenon of altruism‚ the act of helping other for no discernable reward. The two psychologists who have researched this area most are Bibb Latané and John Darley. They came together
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differ. According to Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner‚ 1979; as cited in Hogg & Vaughan‚ 2008) intergroup prejudice occurs due to low self-esteem. This motivates group members to derogate those who do not belong to the group and these actions lead to increased self-esteem and positive view about oneself and the group. In addition The Autistic Hostility Hypothesis proposed by Newcomb
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Journal of Applied Philosophy‚ Vol. 18‚ No. 3‚ 2001 ‘Those Milgram Experiments’ Ethics‚ Deception‚ and 245 Ethics‚ Deception‚ and ‘Those Milgram Experiments’ C. D. HERRERA Critics who allege that deception in psychology experiments is unjustified frequently cite Stanley Milgram’s ‘obedience experiments’ as evidence. These critics say that arguments for justification tend to downplay the risks involved and overstate the benefits from such research. Milgram‚ they add‚ committed both sins
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could be considered altruism that is selfishness in reverse. An altruistic person‚ he or she is helpful and concerned even when no benefits are expected in return (Myers‚ 2010). Altruism‚ Personal and Professional Social Responsibility‚ and Codependency Personal and professional social responsibility is acting in a way that benefits society‚ unlike altruism‚ which is a selfless and true concern for others. Codependent actions usually occur because the giver has a need within the reciprocal relationship
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observation ________________________________________ 13. Self-reports ________________________________________ 14. Observer bias ________________________________________ 15. Random selection ________________________________________ 16. Social desirability bias ________________________________________ 17. Descriptive statistics ________________________________________ 18. Inferential statistics ________________________________________ 19. Deception ________________________________________
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Prejudice and discrimination BUE ID: 120921 QM ID: 12011189 Module Name: Social Psychology (Humanities 3) Module Code: N3597 Module Coordinator: Prof/ Cheherezade Ghazi Number of used words: 1920 Submission Date: 26-1-2014 Out-lines: Introduction Definition Theoretical background Types of Prejudice Religious prejudice How we can reduce prejudice? Conclusion References Introduction Prejudice is a serious matter can be noticed in many situations in our daily
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the fitness of the possessor (Cartwright‚ 2008). Characteristics essential to adaptive behaviour are those such as maintaining survival and reproductive success. The essay question has been addressed by analysing research within different areas in psychology such as evolution‚ genetics‚ development‚ psychological disorders and behaviourism‚ and assessing whether the evidence found relates guilt to adaptive behaviour. Evolutionary theorists‚ such as Trivers (1985)‚ have suggested that in order to
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The social identity approach in social psychology Introduction In this contribution we review a family of social psychological theories‚ most notably Social Identity Theory (SIT) and Self-Categorization Theory (SCT)‚ which together constitute what we refer to as the Social Identity Approach. These theories are linked by their concern with the processes which surround the way that people define themselves as members of a social group – which‚ here‚ is the meaning of the term ‘social identity’. At
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