The experiment was based on the Theory of Realistic Conflict. The researchers extended the theory to an institutional setting where groups are not actively involved in the decisions‚ but are targets of the decisions made by the authority of the institution which is known as the rector. The negative interdependence between the in-group (psychology) and a high or low status out-group (engineering vs nursing students) was established by the rector. The results of the experiment was that the competition
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Lauren Thom‚ 3215788. Psyc 315: Social Psychology 2‚046 words. Critically evaluate Social Identity Theory. Who are you? Who am I? These are questions that we all ponder at some point or another in our lives. As human beings we are seemingly inundated with the desire to classify and categorise. We are constantly defining and analysing the differences that we observe in the world‚ it seems only natural that we would apply this method of classification to our position within our
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Critically evaluate the cognitive theory of stereotyping. B231: Social Interaction‚ Exam Paper 1998‚ Question 4. Graeme Gordon Stereotyping is a form of pre judgement that is as prevalent in today’s society as it was 2000 years ago. It is a social attitude that has stood the test of time and received much attention by social psychologists and philosophers alike. Many approaches to‚ or theories of stereotyping have thus been raised. This essay evaluates the cognitive approach that categorisation
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Indians. It was these studies which led Erikson to believe that Freud misjudged some important dimensions of human development. Throughout this essay‚ Erikson’s psychosocial model will be explored‚ discussed and evaluated interms of it’s concepts‚ theories and assumptions. The theoretical underpinning will be discussed with reference to the nature versus nurture debate and also the continuity versus discontinuity argument. It will then be shown how Erikson has influenced the way psychologists view
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motivational theories has been applied extensively in the management of US companies‚ and some firms from other countries; such as‚ China‚ are also utilizing Maslow’s theory in order to assist in the employee motivation. However‚ because of the invalid ordering of human needs‚ cultural diversity‚ and different levels of economy‚ Maslow’s hierarchy of needs cannot be used in current Chinese business to motivate employees. This essay will critically evaluate the viability of Maslow’s theory. It begins
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Explain and Evaluate Critically Malthus’s Population Theory. In 1798 Thomas Robert Malthus‚ a British clergyman and professor‚ wrote an essay showing the way to modern demography. In 1824 he wrote a shorter final version‚ the article on population for that year’s Encyclopedia Britannica. Malthus has been criticized for his lack of scientific foresighthe did not foresee modern advances leading to increased life expectancy‚ food production and birth control. He has been criticized for his
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Critically evaluate Piaget ’s theory of cognitive development Piaget has been described as the father of cognitive psychology (Shaffer‚ 1988) and his stage theory as the foundation of developmental cognitive psychology (Lutz & Sternberg‚ 2002). It is not possible to describe Piaget ’s empirical findings and theory in only 1‚500 words. Instead‚ I will briefly review the theory ’s scope‚ comprehensiveness‚ parsimony‚ applicability‚ heuristic value and methodological underpinning. I will then evaluate
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Critically evaluate McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y. How far is it applicable to management and employee motivation in contemporary Chinese organizations? In the modern corporation environment‚ employees’ motivation plays a pivotal role‚ thus they should be recognised as a significant part of corporations’ financial assets. There are several distinct viewpoints of approaches to managerial strategies about motivating employees‚ one of which is McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y. It proposes that
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This essay will critically evaluate ‘In what ways is the fear of crime harmful?’ The fear of crime as Box‚ Hale and Andrew’s state is… ‘Fear of been criminally victimised.... Many people are haunted by the though that a stranger could pounce at any moment‚ either on the street or at home.’ (Box‚ Hale and Andrew‚ p340‚ 1988.) The fear of crime refers to the phobia to being a victim of crime as opposed to being an actual victim of crime. The fear of crime can be harmful‚ as Cordner noted ‘while it
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development in the late 1950’s. He is an outstanding example of research in the Piagetian tradition. He set out to improve and extend the work of Piaget. His work focused on Moral Development and Moral reasoning and began to develop a stage theory of moral thinking. His theories were based on the way children‚ adolescents and adults develop moral reasoning. The first three of these stages were in essence Piaget’s initial formations concerning cognitive reasoning. In his doctoral dissertation (1958a) while
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