The Interaction Hypothesis (IH) is attributed to Michael Long (1981) is based primarily on the work of Stephen Krashen and Evelyn Hatch. Long emphasized the importance of comprehensible input that was central to Krashen’s Input Hypothesis but claimed that this input was most likely to be acquired during interactions which involved discourse modifications. This claim supported that of Hatch (1978) who showed a direct link between the way learners acquired a second language (l2) and the interactions
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Essay Question: Critically evaluate the differences in the representation of terrorists and terrorism before and after 9/11. The representation of terrorists and terrorism can be said to have changed significantly since the attacks on the United States of America on September 11th 2001. On this day‚ referred to as 9/11‚ Islamist extremists hijacked four aeroplanes that were flying above the United States. The hijackers intentionally flew two of these planes
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Hypothesis testing begins with the assumption that randomization is used to collect quantitative data about the sample and that the distribution of this data has a normal shape. Significance tests state two explanations‚ or hypotheses‚ about a parameter. One‚ called the null hypothesis‚ states that the parameter equals some value (usually 0). The other‚ called the alternative hypothesis‚ states that the parameter is greater than‚ less than or (not) equal to the value stated in the null hypothesis
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The Affctive Filter Hypothesis :- The fifth hypothesis‚ the Affective Filter hypothesis‚ embodies Krashen’s view that a number of ’affective variables’ play a facilitative role in second language acquisition. These variables include motivation‚ self-confidence and a low level of anxiety are better equipped for success. Low motivation‚ low self-esteem‚ and debilitating anxiety can combine to ’raise’ the affective filter and form a ’mental block’. Comprehensible input may not be utilized by second-language
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human brain has tripled in size‚ with most of the growth being seen in just the last two million years. Although many explanations for the growth of the human brain have been presented‚ one hypothesis that proves to be most accurate is the Social Brain Hypothesis as presented by Robin I.M. Dunbar. This hypothesis attempts to explain the cause in brain size evolution by attributing it to social relations and social changes happening in early human populations. Homo habilis‚ the first of our genus Homo
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ToK reflects critically on the diverse ways of knowing and areas of knowledge and consider the role which knowledge plays a global society. Consists of: 1) Mutual Respect 4) Openness 7) communication 2) Disagreement 5) Changing positions 8) Negotiation 3) Tolerance 6) Debate 9) Curiosity Ways of knowing 1) Language (deaf children‚ connection between language and thought‚ how language is born‚ is it innate
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specific skill can no longer be learnt. The idea that human language is normally acquired during a critical period was proposed by Lenneberg with the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH). Considering
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Critically evaluate legislation in relation to Special Educational Needs and the impact of legislation on practice. Children with any form of disability or additional needs have‚ historically received unequal treatment in education. Towards the end of the 19th century‚ the introduction of compulsory laws began to change the educational opportunities for these children. This essay aims to look at such legislation and how it impacts on today’s practice. What does the term “special educational needs”
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Drawing on your original child observational studies‚ critically evaluate one child development theory used in that observation‚ making reference to Social Work practice This essay seeks to critically evaluate the role of child observation as a psychoanalytical skill within social work practice. Drawing on insight from the attachment theory. It will highlight its value as a social work tool. The act of observation‚ according to LeRiche (1998) is considered as being‚ part of the process of looking
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1981‚ The relationship between return and market value of common stocks‚ Journal of Financial Economics 9‚ 3-18. Basu‚ Sanjoy‚ 1977‚ Investment performance of common stocks in relation to their price-earnings ratios: A test of the efficient market hypothesis‚ Journal of Finance 32‚ 663-682. Beebower‚ Gilbert L. and Gary L. Bergstrom‚ 1977‚ A performance analysis of pension and profit-sharing portfolios: 1966-75‚ Financial Analysts Journal 33‚ (May/June)‚ 31-42. Berkowitz‚ Stephen A.‚ Louis D. Finney
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