Cross-Cultural Organizational Behavior Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only. Michele J. Gelfand‚1 Miriam Erez‚2 and Zeynep Aycan3 1 Department of Psychology‚ University of Maryland‚ College Park‚ Maryland 20742; email: mgelfand@psyc.umd.edu Technion‚ Israel Institute of Technology‚ Technion City‚ Haifa‚ Israel 32000; email: merez@ie.technion.ac.il Department of Psychology‚ Koc University
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3. Cross-national Cultural Differences A cultural orientation describes the attitudes of most people most of the time‚ never of all the people all of the time (Adler 2002: 22) 3.1 Introduction This chapter covers the studies that define cross-national cultural differences and shows how these cross-national cultural differences affect professional behavior in general. In § 3.2‚ a short exposition on the definition of national culture is provided‚ including the general understanding of what
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IBUS2001 notes Globalisation and cross cultural management Case: globalisation of health care- shortage of radiologists in the US and demand is twice as large as the rate of graduation. Solution is to send images over the internet to be interpreted by radiologists in India? In 2004 170‚000 foreigners visited India for medical treatments and is expected to grow at 15% for the next several years. Globalisation: The shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy. Globalisation
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Cross-Cultural Perspectives Amy Chaney ETH/316 October 21‚ 2014 Scott Myers Cross-Cultural Perspectives Even though large corporations are keeping their cost down and reaping the benefits in the manufacturing of women’s clothing in what’s called “Sweatshops” there has been some whistle blowing on the large corporations like Gap‚ Wal-Mart and H&M who want to make a fast profit at the safety and welfare of children. There is a clear-cut line of cross-cultural and ethics perspectives to be examined
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Smith-Ch-13.qxd 2/22/2008 9:16 PM CHAPTER Page 219 13 Cross-Cultural Approaches to Leadership Zeynep Aycan Arabs worship their leaders—as long as they are in power! —House‚ Wright‚ and Aditya (1997‚ p. 535) The Dutch place emphasis on egalitarianism and are skeptical about the value of leadership. Terms like leader and manager carry a stigma. If a father is employed as a manager‚ Dutch children will not admit it to their schoolmates. —House et al. (1997‚ p. 535) The Malaysian leader is expected
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People of Walmart Wal-Mart is the largest retailer in the world. This includes over 4‚800 stores‚ including 1.475 discount stores‚ 1‚750 Wal-Mart Supercenter combination discount and grocery stores‚ and 540 Sam’s Club warehouse stores. Walmart is an international company with stores reaching multiple continents throughout the world. They have sales of over $250 billion and made profits of $9.1 billion. They employee over 1‚500‚000 people worldwide and plan to add an additional 800‚000 people by
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“Culture is the collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group or category of people from others” Professor Geert Hofstede conducted one of the most comprehensive studies of how values in the workplace are influenced by culture. He analyzed a large data base of employee values scores collected by IBM between 1967 and 1973 covering more than 70 countries‚ from which he first used the 40 largest only and afterwards extended the analysis to 50 countries and 3 regions.
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Researches attempted to explains of motivition to work through two basic types of motivational theories and process theories. Content theories are concerned with what energizes behavior while process theories focus on how. Content theories asset that needs determine an individual’s behavior‚ individuals have a multitude of need varying degrees of intensity. There are needs or activator creates a state of disequilibrium within the person. The individual develops an urge to fulfill the need or needs
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Cross Cultural Communication Process Communication is the act of transmitting messages‚ including information about the nature of the relationship‚ to another person who interprets these messages and gives them the meaning. Both the sender and the receiver of the message play an active role in the process. Successful communication requires not only that the message is transmitted but also understood. For this understanding to occur‚ the sender and receiver must share a vast amount of common information
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