Natural Vegetation Tropical Rainforests 10º North and South of the Equator High rainfall and temperatures (over 1500 mm yearly; about 27º) Typically located in the Amazon Basin in South America‚ Congo Basin in Africa and parts of Southeast Asia such as Indonesia and Malaysia. ~400 species per hectare 5 distinct layers: Emergent: 30m to 50m; tall thick straight trunks Canopy: 15m to 30m; wide‚ shallow‚ umbrella-shaped crowns form a continuous leaf cover‚ preventing sunlight from penetrating
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estimated 200‚000 barrels of oil (8.4million US gallons) spilled into the Atlantic Ocean from an oil industry facility and that damaged 340 hectares of mangrove (Nwilo and Badejo‚ 2005). Oil endangers fish hatcheries in coastal waters and as well contaminates the flesh of commercially valuable fish. In the Nigerian coastal environment a large areas of the mangrove ecosystem have been destroyed. The laws and policies passed by the government to protect the Nigerian marine coast are given in the following sections:
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Tilapia • Introduction • Natural distribution & biology • Where are they in Australia? • How did they get here? • What are their impacts? • What is I&I NSW doing? • How can you help? • References Introduction Tilapia are listed in the top 100 of the world’s worst introduced species. They are listed as noxious in NSW and possession and sale of live tilapia is prohibited with penalties of up to $11‚000. Tilapia is the common name given for fish from the genera Oreochromis‚ Sarotherodon‚ Serranochromis
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2. Mangroves Mangroves are various types of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. Importance of Mangroves a. Buffer Zone between the land and sea. b. Protect the land from erosion. c. Play an invaluable role as nature’s shield against cyclones‚ ecological disasters and as protector of shorelines. d. Breeding and nursery grounds for a variety of marine animals
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Colonisation and Succession in an Ecosystem 1. Ecosystem is a community of organisms which interact with their non-living environment and function as a unit. 2. Habitat is a natural environment where organisms live. Also provide shelter‚ food‚ living space‚ nesting sites and mates. 3. Species is a group of organisms that look alike and have similar characteristics‚ share the same roles in an ecosystem and are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring. 4. Population is
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environment is the Sundarbans; the largest single block of mangrove swamp in the world‚ covering 10‚000 km² from the coasts of West Bengal to Bangladesh. The mangrove swamps are sensitive to a number of factors‚ including temperature‚ salinity and sea level‚ where small changes may be able to cause huge impacts on the overall health and effectiveness of the swamps to protect the coastline and the 300‚000 livelihoods that depend on it. The mangrove swamps can act as shock absorbers‚ protecting communities
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of his hand. We kayaked two miles to an island next to a big and beautiful mangrove. After we saw the mangrove‚ we hiked around the island to a big water fall. This waterfall was crystal clear‚ it was so tall I couldn’t even see the top‚ and it was glistening in the sun’s reflection. It was amazing. My family and I swam around the waterfall and also hiked to top of the waterfall. Finally‚ we went back to the mangrove and kayaked back to the island of Kauai. In fatigue‚ we went to a small
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A Dream of A Social Entrepreneur “I have a dream that in the near future‚ Ecolife Café will become the bridge of knowledge for people in Phu Long and promote Community Ecotourism for the Protection of Mangrove so that tourists and foreigners will know and love the community initiatives to protect the green environment here‚ and then have a chance to experience life with local people in our island.” Lying on the coastal island of Cat Hai‚ Hai Phong City‚ Phu Long commune’s population is consisted
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coral reefs‚ mangroves‚ and seagrasses. As populations have increased‚ so have their needs for construction materials and living space. Excavation‚ dredging‚ and coastal conversion to accommodate coastal development have seen corals being extracted for reclamation and construction‚ especially in coastal villages. Mangroves have particularly suffered from coastal development‚ notably at the hands of the aquaculture industry. In the Philippines‚ aquaculture has reduced mangrove stands to only
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enjoy a better standard of living. 3. Shrimps cultivation in also observed to have impacts of the social structure which leads to increased migration‚ social conflict and degradation of health. Moreover‚ it also cause impact on the bio-diversity‚ mangrove forest‚ soil and marine species‚ salinity‚ degradation of land and de-stabilization of coastal ecosystems. Bangladesh has been predominantly an agricultural based nation. Degradation of agricultural land will directly affect the food security and
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