recrystallization‚ which relies on the different solubilities of solutes in a solvent. Compounds‚ which are less soluble‚ will crystallize first. The crystallization process itself helps in the purification because as the crystals form‚ they select the correct molecules‚ which fit into the crystal lattice and ignore the wrong molecules. This is of course not a perfect process‚ but it does increase the purity of the final product. The solubility of the compound in the solvent used for recrystallization is important
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is‚ and more importantly‚ how it affects the properties of plastics. Most people are familiar with crystals only because of salt and perhaps growing crystals as part of a school science project. Therefore‚ talking about crystals and plastics together is a new concept to many people. In reality‚ polymers are not like salt‚ which is totally crystalline‚ but are semi-crystalline. Unlike crystals like salt‚ polymers have only short-range order and a much looser organization. Crystallinity is one
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(drinking) water. In order to evaluate this effectiveness‚ the yield and purity of only the ice product is investigated before and after a number of wash cycles. A 1000g solution of 5 wt% CuSO4 underwent crystallization for one hour with the use of ice crystal seeding and the agitation of a stirrer at 500rpm. After the crystallization process‚ the mass of the ice product and filtrate were recorded. The ice product was then washed with de-ionised water under Buchner vacuum filtration‚ before the masses
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Twelfth Night – Exploring the names of the Characters I am going to explore the two names of: * Olivia * Feste Olivia When I first saw the name ‘Olivia’‚ I automatically thought of anagrams. Olivia is almost a perfect anagram of ‘Viola’! Although Olivia and Viola possess a number of qualities which are not just different‚ but in complete opposition with one another other‚ they do in fact have a great deal in common. The names Shakespeare has given the two characters is perhaps a reflection
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point was close to 100°C‚ the boiling point of water. A few milliliters of hot solution was removed from the flask with a disposable pipette and placed in a test tube. The test tube was set aside to cool and produce crystals. The color and melting point of the mini batch of crystals were used to assess the effectiveness of activated carbon treatment of the main batch to remove the colored impurities (vide infra). The temperature of the main batch of the reaction mixture in the Erlenmeyer flask
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DISCIPLINE OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY DRUG DESIGN AND DISCOVERY BY: xxxxxxx Introduction A drug is a substance that we used mostly in our daily lives. It is a chemical substance with physiological effects when ingested or introduced into our bodies. The response produce can either be beneficial or harmful. Toxins and poisons can be classified as drugs. This report the term ‘drug’ is for medicinal or pharmaceutical purposes. Drugs used to prevent or treat diseases. Drug design
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The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time‚ by Mark Haddon‚ relies on the narration of a fifteen year old autistic boy to tell a simple yet convoluted story of murder‚ betrayal and triumph. At first thought‚ Christopher Boone‚ would not seem to be a reliable narrator yet Haddon asks the reader to take a leap of faith by believing in Christopher’s abilities despite the limitations of autism. Using Christopher’s point of view‚ straightforward and honest narrative diction‚ imagery as well as
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LEARNING LOG 2: Observe‚ Connect and Reflect on Your Learning PART III – Symmetry in Crystals The most striking examples of symmetry…are crystals. Herman Weyl Period Focus Image Question Your Observations Complete at the end of Week 5 Image 5 Uvarovite is a gemstone rich in chromium. What are your main observations about uvarovite symmetry from studying the external form? (30 - 40 words) (2 marks) What is your personal favourite gemstone and what is its space group. (up to
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beaker that contained the filtrate and the filtrate was undisturbed until it had cooled to room temperature and when no more crystals had formed. 4. The beaker was placed in an ice-water bath for 10 minutes. 5. The crystals were collected by using a Hirsch funnel by vacuum filtration. The filter cake was then washed with 2 small portions of 0.5mL of cold water. The crystals were pressed dry as possible on the funnel with a spatula. 6. The melting point of recrystallized benzoic acid was determined
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States of matter are the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on. Historically‚ the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in bulk properties. Solid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume and shape; liquid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume but adapts to the shape of its container; and gas is the state in which matter expands to occupy whatever volume is available. This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions
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