SHOUF CAMPUS Research about: EGOISM NATURALISM UTILITARIANISM Presented to: Dr. Charbel Orfali Done by: Firas hamadeh Semester: Spring 2012 Egoism Egoism can be a descriptive or a normative position. Psychological egoism‚ the most famous descriptive position‚ claims that each person has but one ultimate aim: her own welfare. Normative forms of egoism make claims about what one ought to do‚ rather than describe what one does do. Ethical egoism claims that it is necessary and
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Gensler’s reasoning against cultural relativism(CR) is that the existence of so many subgroups makes it impossible to be correct. The fact that so many subcultures have so many varying morals means that nothing in thought can be morally wrong and therefore nothing is objective. Gensler uses the example “My Nazi society approves of racism‚ so racism is good” ( page 187) this shows the effectivity of this ethical theory. Gensler’s reasoning is supported by Enochs “Why I Am an Objectivist about Ethics
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Ethical Egoism Imagine that you’re walking down a crowded street and an old woman with bags in her hand is walking towards you. The handles on her bags break‚ and all of her belongings go tumbling to the ground. People walk by‚ look at her‚ and keep walking. Unlike them‚ you stop and help her pick everything up. She simply looks at you and says‚ “Thank you”. You smile at her and then continue on your way‚ feeling much better about yourself because you cared enough to stop and help. Some people
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more into personal egoism. I believe that it is good to act in your own self-interest for your benefit as long as it is not for a bad cause. Hypothetically‚ if I was walking around school giving people the answers to test ’s for some extra money this would give me pleasure because I would be getting money out of it‚ but it is for a bad cause. There are four types of ethical principles that I will be using‚ which are Rational‚ individual‚ personal‚ and universal ethical egoism (Hinman‚ page 119).
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September 11‚ 2013 Psychological Egoism Psychological Egoism is the position that the ultimate motive of all actions is selfish. It is not the position that everyone should be motivated by selfish desires‚ but rather that they are motivated by selfish desires. This is supposed to be a psychological fact of human motivations. Joel Feinberg presents a multitude of arguments against psychological egoistic hedonism. There are four “arguments” which support psychological egoism: (a) “Every action of mine
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Ethical egoism is the normative theory that the promotion of one’s own good is in accordance with morality. In the strong version‚ it is held that it is always moral to promote one’s own good‚ and it is never moral not to promote it. In the weak version‚ it is said that although it is always moral to promote one’s own good‚ it is not necessarily never moral to not. That is‚ there may be conditions in which the avoidance of personal interest may be a moral action. In an imaginary construction
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Break Down “Ethical Subjectivism” Ethical Subjectivism‚ also known as individual relativism‚ is the metaethical view that there are no objective truths in ethic; moral claims are true or false based upon individuals’ feelings. So‚ any moral claim may be translated as a reporting of one’s feelings. The best example here in this type is “Stealing things from good friends is wrong” can be rewrite as “I disapprove of stealing things from good friends.” In this case‚ moral right or wrong is based
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Ethical egoism Explanation of the theory This moral theory states that everyone should act in their own self-interest. Even though we can act in the interests of others‚ we should always act only in our own interests. Ethical egoist may help their friends if they believe there is a long-term payoff or benefit doing so. One’s self-interest is often best followed by allowing others to pursue their self-interest as well. Sacrificing one’s short-term self-interest in order to maximize one’s long-term
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Psychological Egoism Psychological Egoism does not make sense because everyone does not always act in their own self-interest. The defenders of Psychological Egoism do not give us compelling reason to think that no one ever chooses to do something that is not in his own best interest. It is impossible to prove Psychological Egoism due to the principle of falsifiabilty. Psychological Egoists think human nature is completely and absolutely egoistic. They have the idea that all of our actions
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Psychological egoism claims that people do only act in their self-interest. Ethical egoism is the normative ethical stance that people ought to do what is in their self-interest. Although similar‚ the two beliefs are not compatible because ethical egoism‚ in order to be significant‚ must claim that people can be altruistic; otherwise it would make no sense to say that people should be selfish. Neither philosophy is very good‚ though. Both have very big problems. A major problem with psychological
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