CONTENTS 1. PRE-SHIPMENT EXPORT CREDIT 1 1.1 Pre-shipment Credit in Foreign Currency (PCFC) 1 1.1.1 Definition 1 1.1.2 General 1 1.1.3 Scheme 1 1.1.4 Source of Funds for Banks 2 1.1.5 Spread 3 1.1.6 Period of Credit 3 1.1.7 Disbursement of PCFC 4 1.1.8 Liquidation of PCFC Account 4 1.1.9 Cancellation/Non-execution of Export Order 5 1.1.10 Running Account Facility for All Commodities 5
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Woods‚ during which the system actually operated as envisioned under full convertibility‚ lasted only from 1959 through 1968. Associated with steady growth in world production and trade‚ these nine years and the preceding decade of movement toward currency convertibility are considered something of a golden age in contrast to the six-year debacle of the interwar gold standard. Yet‚ from the moment of full convertibility on current account transactions in 1959‚ the steady growth of official and private
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ramifications of the great depression and the concentration of power among a few major economies. Moreover‚ during the period of the Great depression‚ the economies engaged in the so called “beggar thy neighbor” policies i.e. competitive devaluation of the currencies by various economies in order to substitute imports with domestic goods and increase the competitiveness of the exports in the international markets. In addition‚ a number of countries also imposed trade barriers‚ restricting the recovery of international
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THE MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY IN THE OIL AND GAS EQUIPMENT SERVICE INDUSTRY We explore how the macroeconomic fluctuation can really affect the performance of a company. We analyze the companies of the oil and gas equipment service industry: FMC Technologies‚ NOV‚ and Schlumberger. We use the MUST Analysis in order to discover what were the macroeconomic variables that really affects our companies’ performance‚ the magnitude‚ and the direction of the variables with the performance. The data sources
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money such as natural scarce precious metals‚ cowry shells‚ barley‚ beads etc.‚ as well as many other things that are thought of as having value. Modern money (and most ancient money) is essentially a token — in other words‚ an abstraction. Paper currency is perhaps the most common type of physical money today. However‚ objects of gold or silver present many of money’s essential properties. ------------------------------------------------- Non-monetary exchange: barter‚ gift‚ and debt Contrary
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Barter system Barter system is an age-old method that was adopted by people to exchange their services and goods. This system was used for centuries‚ before the invention of money. People used to exchange the goods or services for other goods or services in return. Nowadays‚ barter services has staged a comeback with the advent of more sophisticated techniques that aid trading through the Internet. During ancient times‚ barter system was a local phenomenon‚ which involved people in the same locality
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which strategy would be expected to yield the best results in a given scenario. This study deals with the impact of currency fluctuations on cash flows of IT service providers and explores various strategies for managing transaction exposure from this viewpoint. The risk management strategies considered for the study are: forward currency contacts‚ currency options‚ and cross-currency hedging. The study analyzes and evaluates these foreign exchange risk management strategies to find out which of the
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accounting margins and ratios. The derivatives (interest-rate swaps) do not show up on the balance sheet as assets/liabilities‚ but do show up on the income statement. Therefore‚ metrics such as ReturnOnAssets may not accurately reflect the underlying business. Derivative use was concerning to investors mainly because they did not fully understand the complex swaps‚ and saw them as risky. Banks had not typically invested so heavily in swaps‚ so investors felt that Banc One’s enormous ramping of derivative
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Practical Applications 1 Consolidated Financial Statement Preparation Considerations Prepared for Oprah Hill‚ President of SSI Prepared by Tarun Sinha‚ partner‚ assurance‚ of Krishna Associations‚ CGAs September 30‚ 20X0 Introduction This report will identify the adjustments that will need to be considered in order to prepare the consolidated financial statements for Sterling Shoes Inc. (SSI) and Footsie Inc. (Footsie) Financial Accounting Issues Goodwill Acquisition
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References: Abken‚ P. A.‚ & Shirkhande‚ M. M. (2012). “The role of currency derivatives in internationally diversified portfolios”. Economic Review‚ (Q 3)‚ 34-59. Gregersen‚ H.‚ El Lakany‚ H.‚ Karsenty‚ A.‚ & White‚ A. (2010). “Does the opportunity cost approach indicate the real cost of REDD+. Rights and Realities of Paying
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