can be roughly divided into herbivory‚ carnivory‚ scavenging andparasitism. Some of the organic matter eaten by heterotrophs‚ such as sugars‚ provides energy. Autotrophs and heterotrophs come in all sizes‚ from microscopic to many tonnes - from cyanobacteria togiant redwoods‚ and from viruses and bdellovibrio to blue whales. Charles Elton pioneered the concept of food cycles‚ food chains‚ and food size in his classical 1927 book "Animal Ecology"; Elton’s ’food cycle’ was replaced by ’food web’
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REVISION NOTES FOR PRELIM BIOLOGY: [ A LOCAL ECOSYSTEM ] ~ Ecosystems: “any area that contains living organisms interacting with each other and their environment. In a balanced ecosystem‚ there is a flow of energy through it and recycling of some materials” Inputs and Outputs of Ecosystems include: - the energy flow through the ecosystem; energy from the sun flows one way through‚ with heat loss at each trophic level - the input and recycling of inorganic and organic material (matter) - the
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Alexa Molinelli BIO 110-14 Exam 5 Homework Chapter # 14 1. What are the five kingdoms and give a brief description of each kingdom? -Monera- single celled prokaryotes; bacteria. Protista- Mostly single celled eukaryotes. Fungi- Multicellular eukaryotes that feed by extracellular digestion and absorption. Plantae- Multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs; producers. Animalia- Diverse multicellular heterotrophs. 2. Who developed the binomial system of nomenclature (genus and species)? -Binomial System
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5. Human activity also impacts on waterways. Chemical monitoring and management assists in providing safe water for human use and to protect the habitats of other organisms Identify that water quality can be determined by considering: * concentrations of common ions * total dissolved solids * hardness * turbidity * acidity * dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand Water quality is commonly defined by its physical‚ chemical‚ biological and aesthetic (appearance and
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with salt. WHERE DO WE COME FROM? WHERE OUR LIFE EXISTS? A miracle of time the primitive life forms still exists in the globe’s hot springs they give them their colours they called Archaebacteria. They all feed of the earth’s heat all except cyanobacteria or blue green algae. They will have the capacity to turn to sun to captures energy. They are viral and sestrel all yesterdays and todays plant species. These tiny bacteria and their billions of descendants change the destiny of our planet. They
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Synopsis – Grade 9 Science Term II Chapter 1: Atoms and Molecules Law of conservation of mass: Mass can neither be created nor can it be destroyed in a chemical reaction. Law of constant proportion: A chemical substance always contains the same elements in a fixed proportion by mass‚ irrespective of the source of compound. Atom: The smallest particle which is the building block of matter. The symbol of the element is made from one or two letters of the English
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of biology that deals with microorganisms and their effect on other living organisms. Microbes are very small organisms which can only be viewed with the aid of microscope. Several groups of organisms that fit into this category are bacteria‚ cyanobacteria‚ fungi and protists. Within this group there are several species interesting to humans because of their ability to cause disease or their use in the food industry and microorganisms can be classified to unicellular and multicellular. These organisms
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Chapter 6-Intro to Metabolism METABOLISM= all the chemical reactions in an organism CATABOLIC PATHWAY (CATABOLISM)• release of energy by the breakdown of complex molecules to simpler compounds EX: digestive enzymes break down food ANABOLIC PATHWAY (ANABOLISM) • consumes energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones EX: linking amino acids to form proteins ORGANISMS TRANSFORM ENERGY ENERGY- capacity to do work KINETIC ENERGY- energy of moving objects POTENTIAL ENERGY- energy
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READING MATERIAL 1. Explain the three hypotheses for the recent changes in the toxicity of venom in different species of rattlesnakes found in the United States. - Interbreeding between snakes with different venom profiles. - Geographic distribution (genes shifted eastward) - Convolution - Old rattlesnakes have high concentration of toxic. 2. What is an “evolutionary arms race”? Describe how this applies to one of the hypotheses suggested to explain toxicity of venom in rattlers
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pigments to absorb certain wavelengths. Because they interact with light to absorb only certain wavelengths‚ pigments are useful to plants and other autotrophs --organisms which make their own food using photosynthesis. In plants‚ algae‚ and cyanobacteria‚ pigments are the means by which the energy of sunlight is captured for photosynthesis. However‚ since each pigment reacts with only a narrow range of the spectrum‚ there is usually a need to produce several kinds of pigments‚ each of a different
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