Preparation of methyl m-nitrobenzoate by nitration using methyl benzoate‚ nitric acid‚ and sulfuric acid Aileen Quintana TA: Sijie Tues/Thurs 11:50 42067 Introduction: The purpose of this lab was to explore the concepts of electrophilic aromatic substitution‚ specifically nitration by synthesizing methyl m-nitrobenzoate using methyl benzoate‚ nitric acid and sulfuric acid. This nitration is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. A
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Research and Forecast of China Para-Xylene (PX) Market‚ 2014-2018 mainly analyzes current market status of China’s PX industry‚ main problems‚ supply and demand‚ business performance of major domestic enterprises‚ meanwhile offers proposals for PX industry‚ so as to make investors know this industry better and provide decision-making references for investment. PX‚ which serves as the significant and basic chemical‚ has enjoyed extensive application in many fields of chemical production‚ such as
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Today‚ science is everywhere in our world. From backyard science projects to launching rockets into space‚ science is a hard thing to avoid. Today‚ science is used in many important things‚ but the periodic table of elements is among one of the most important discoveries yet. It proves that our earth and galaxy are made of elements and that they aren’t just piles of nothing. Without the elements there would literally be nothing and the galaxy wouldn’t exist. Also‚ science helps us figure out and
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Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Introduction In this experiment cyclohexene‚ an alkene‚ was prepared by the dehydration of cyclohexanol‚ an alcohol‚ using phosphoric acid‚ an acid catalyst. The reaction is as follows: [pic] The dehydration of cyclohexanol was performed in a simple distillation apparatus. As cyclohexene formed‚ it was distilled out of the mixture. Background Dehydration is an elimination reaction of an alcohol that takes place in the presence of an acid catalyst
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ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Typical agents[edit] ’The typical antiknock agents in use are: Tetraethyllead (Still in use as a high octane additive) Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) Ferrocene Iron pentacarbonyl Toluene Isooctane Tetraethyllead[edit] A side effect of the lead additives was protection of the valve seats from erosion. Many classic cars’ engines have needed modification to use lead-free fuels since leaded fuels became unavailable. However‚ "Lead substitute"
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Mechanism of reactions – curly arrows‚ chemical reactions‚ substitution‚ elimination‚ etc 3) Delocalization and conjugation – theory of resonance‚ structure of alkenes‚ allyl‚ vinyl systems. 4) Acidity‚ basicity and pKa 5) Conformational Analysis - Cyclohexane 6) Stereochemistry – regioselective‚ stereoselective‚ stereospecific 5 Examples of Topics covered for Revision Quiz 1 (not limited to the topics below) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Acids and Bases Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Alcohols
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NPTEL – Chemistry – Reagents and Organic reactions Module II Lecture 14 Reduction Reactions 2.1.1 Lithium Aluminum Hydride (LAH) 2.1.1.1 Introduction Lithium aluminum hydride (LAH) is a strong reducing agent with chemical formula LiAlH4. It can reduce a variety of functional groups such as aldehydes‚ esters‚ acids‚ ketones‚ nitriles‚ epoxides and azides. It vigorously reacts with water and all the reactions are performed in polar aprotic solvents. 2.1.1.2 Preparation It was first
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the following alcohol? A. S-2-ethyl-5‚5-dimethyl-R-cyclohexanol B. R-2-ethyl-5‚5-dimethyl-R-cyclohexanol C. S-2-ethyl-5‚5-dimethyl-S-cyclohexanol D. S-6-ethyl-3‚3-dimethyl-cyclohexane E. S-3-ethyl-R-6-S-6-dimethyl-cyclohexanol HO M. Predict the most likely mechanism(s) for the reaction of cis-3-methyl-chloro-cyclohexane with sodium methoxide (in methanol as the solvent) – circle one option. A. SN2 B. C. D. E. E1 SN1 E2 E2 and SN2 N. With which reagent is cis-2-methyl-cyclopentanol most
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Cyclohexene Synthesis by Dehydration Reaction of Cyclohexanol Gjulia Vokrri 02-15-2013 Abstract Alkenes can be produced by heating and dehydrating an alcohol in the presence of a strong acid. The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize cyclohexene by dehydration of cyclohexanol and to detect the presence of a double bond in the alkene. The dehydration reaction using distillation was
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TWS Chemistry 1013-231 Organic Chemistry I Name___________________________________ 2011 Exam#2 - Version 2 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Energy is __________ when bonds are formed and is __________ when bonds are broken; therefore‚ bond dissociation energies are always __________. A) consumed / released / endothermic B) consumed / released / isothermic C) released / consumed / endothermic D) consumed / released / exothermic
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