Centre Number For Examiner’s Use Candidate Number Surname Other Names Examiner’s Initials Candidate Signature Question General Certificate of Secondary Education Higher Tier June 2012 Additional Science BL2HP H Unit Biology B2 Biology Unit Biology B2 Monday 21 May 2012 Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TOTAL 9.00 am to 10.00 am For this paper you must have: a ruler. You may use a calculator. Time allowed 1 hour Instructions Use black ink or
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Q1.Some genetic disorders are caused by alleles inherited from the parents. (a) What are alleles? ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ (1) (b) Describe how embryos can be screened for the alleles that cause genetic disorders. ..........................................................
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tested on the diseases for which there is no cure. This article shall look primarily into cystic fibrosis‚ as well as X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)‚ as examples to describe the potential of gene therapy in medicine. Cystic fibrosis is a single gene disorder‚ with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. The gene is located on the long ‘q’ arm of chromosome 7 and is called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene (2). The gene product is an apical membrane
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Children’s mother Aa Genotype of children’s father aa Possible gametes of mother Aa Possible gametes of father aa Possible offspring aa/Aa Genotypic ratio of children Aa Phenotypic ratio of children Dominant Procedure 17.5 You had to see if cystic fibrosis was inherited as a dominant or recessive allele. There was a table on the paper that you could use to determine that. Procedure 17.6 For this particular procedure you also had to determine if Huntington’s disease is inherited as a dominant
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Student Name Date Questions Student Response Part I Original DNA Strand: 3’-T A C C C T T T A G T A G C C A C T-5’ Transcription (base sequence of RNA): 5’-AUG GGA AAU CAU CGG UGA-3’ Translation (amino acid sequence): Met Gly Asn His Arg Stop Mutated gene sequence one: 3’-T A C G C T T T A G T A G C C A T T-5’ Transcription (base sequence of RNA): 5’-AUG CGA AAU CAU CGG UAA-3’ Translation (amino acid sequence): Met Arg Asn
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SCI206 Unit 3 Individual Project American Intercontinental University SCI206-1001A-13 Abstract This assignment discusses the relationships between reproduction‚ heredity and DNA. Genetics – From Genes to Proteins‚ Mutations During transcription‚ the information in the DNA of a specific gene is copied into mRNA (messenger RNA)‚ which creates a nucleotide sequence. After transcription‚ if the DNA base sequence is 3’-TACCCTTTAGTAGCCACT-5’‚ then the base sequence of mRNA would be 5 ’-AUGGGAAAUCAUCGGUGA-3’
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(Gerson et al. 2000). While this defense mechanisms remains prevalent in cystic fibrosis patients it appears to be compromised in that it allows the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in airway mucus. The fact that people with cystic fibrosis are equally exposed to pathogens as any healthy person it remains a question as to why Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been successful at inhabiting and multiplying in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. A recent study‚ A novel siderophore system is essential for
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found in our chromosomes‚which parents pass on to offspring in their sex cells in reproduction. Different versions of the same gene are called alleles‚ and these can determine features like eye colour‚ and the inheritance of disorders such as cystic fibrosis. DNA the nucleus controls the activities of a cell. The instructions for how an organism develops are found in the nuclei of its cells Chromosomes Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus of most cells. They consist of long strands
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genetic testing. According to this student’s genetic information‚ he has a higher risk of getting cystic fibrosis. His parents wrote this information into his medical history. Later‚ the student was asked to transfer to another school because he might develop cystic fibrosis. The school is afraid that he will spread lung diseases to other students. However‚ the student does not have cystic fibrosis at all. The school discriminates the student because of his genetic
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P3 Describe the current patterns of ill health and how they are monitored In the UK patterns of ill health are identified and monitored through the use of statistics which may be viewed on the National Statistics website. Responsible for producing statistics to be put together by our UK National Statistics organisation to illustrate patterns of ill health in the UK are government statistical departments. Government statistical departments that are major contributors to identifying and monitoring
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