During protein digestion‚ a water molecule is added which breaks down the carbonyl-carbon-nitrogen sin the peptide bonds of proteins causing the liberation of amino acids. This process is referred to as proteolysis. Water molecules break down the carbonyl-carbon-nitrogen single bond (peptide bond) that holds single amino acid molecules together (Caroline Ritchie‚ 2013. This process is called hydrolysis and is catalysed by protease. The three main protease enzymes produced during digestion are pepsin
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Anaemia – a condition where there is a reduction in the number of red blood cells and a deficiency of haemoglobin in the blood. Possible Causes of Anaemia – severe blood loss‚ failure of the bone marrow to produce red blood cells‚ genetic inability of red blood cells to carry oxygen adequately‚ destruction of red blood cells by the body or foreign substances‚ dietary (problems with child growth). Common types of Anaemia – Iron deficiency – lack of iron which is the main constitute of Hb‚ pernicious
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adenoviruses‚ adeno associated viruses and liposomes are commonly used as vectors. Naked DNA (DNA without a vector) has also been used in gene therapy. Recently‚ gene therapy has been used as a treatment for deadly genetic conditions such as cystic fibrosis. Even though gene therapy has a promising future‚ it has major disadvantages; including vector inefficiency‚ incorrect vector implantation and the possibility for a dangerous immune system reaction. In addition to these disadvantages‚
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Interference with gas exchange Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by variable and recurring symptoms‚ reversible airflow obstruction‚ and bronchospasm. Common symptoms include wheezing‚ coughing‚ chest tightness‚ and shortness of breath. Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Its diagnosis is usually based on the pattern of symptoms‚ response to therapy over time. In severe cases hospitalization can be required
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the development of children with Down syndrome (5-11 years) February 12‚ 2013‚ from: http://www.down- syndrome.org/information/development/childhood/ Ernst‚ M.M.‚ Johnson‚ M.C.‚ Stark‚ L.J.‚ (2010). Developmental and psychosocial issues in cystic fibrosis 2038. Retrieved February 12‚ 2013‚ from: http://www.ds-health.com/risk.htm Lowe‚ R Edu TGC‚ (2013)
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________________________________________________________________________ b) Look at the list of mutations. (i) Discuss in your groups if you think they would benefit or harm a species? Albino rabbits – The gene that gives skin colour mutates; the result is a white rabbit. Cystic fibrosis – A gene for an important protein is changed; the result is a human with breathing problems. Dark moths – A type of moth that is normally peppered in colour becomes dark; the result is better camouflage on dark-coloured trees but they show up
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with a history of gallstones resulting from being diagnosed with cystic fibrosis 5 yrs. ago. Gallstones were removed using ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatoghrapy). During ERCP doctor discovered patient suffered from a psuedocyst. Patient has no history of pancreas divisium. Patient is currently taking Furosemide due to being diagnosed with hypertension (high blood pressure). At the time she was diagnosed with cystic fibrosis‚ Mrs. Smith was also diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and is
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Assignment Two – Current patterns of ill health in the UK M2: Discuss the factors likely to influence current and future patterns of health in the UK. In the 21st century society there are two current factors that are very obvious in affecting patterns of health. These are that of social class affecting health and lifestyle choices. There has always been a link between social class and health‚ even with the welfare state and the improvements made to health in all sections of societies over
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However‚ it can also enter our body via different route. If it enters lung tissue‚ for example in a cystic fibrosis patient‚ it can cause a form of pneumonia. Patient who being infected may have the following symptoms in different part of the body: pneumonia in the respiratory tract‚ bacteremia in the bloodstream‚ diarrhea and enteritis in the GI tract‚ otitis
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genetics and lifestyle. Non-infectious diseases are not caused by specific organisms and are studied and cared for more in developed countries‚ where many infectious diseases are under control. Examples of inherited non-infectious conditions include cystic fibrosis and Down syndrome‚ and examples of conditions caused by environmental or lifestyle factors include heart disease and skin cancer. Ways of prevent of non-infectious diseases can be for example cutting down on exposure to cigarette smoke and the
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