2009). For businesses trading internationally culture is an essential aspect that must be considered in all situations. Culture provides an important source of social identity for its members. Who‚ as do all people‚ have a basic need to belong to social groups. Belonging to a culture is represented by acting in accordance with the norms and values and brings safety and security from the group. But this is only one important function of culture. As well‚ it also makes action more simple and
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Culture‚ in my own opinion‚ is a unique system of values and norms that are believed by a group of people who live in the same society. Since culture is unique‚ Geert Hofstede tried to study the differences. After the study‚ he proposed five dimensions to measure the cultural difference between nations. The following parts will explain Hofstede Framework briefly. The first dimension is Power Distance. It is a tool to measure the power difference between levels in organization. In a group with high
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addressing the relationship between culture and consumption is exponential. Thus‚ culture’s influence on consumption and marketing had drawn increasing attention in recent years. Hofstede’s framework is the most widely used national cultural framework in psychology‚ sociology‚ marketing and management studies. His dimensions were all constructed in such a way that they addressed basic problems that all societies have to deal with. Thus‚ these dimensions of national culture were constructed at the national
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Merge Ahead: A Research Agenda to Increase Merger and Acquisition Success Mitchell Lee Marks • Philip H. Mirvis Published online: 30 April 2011 � Springer Science+Business Media‚ LLC 2011 Abstract Scholars have been conducting serious research on the human‚ organizational‚ and cultural aspects of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) for 30 years. Yet‚ over this period‚ there have only been modest improvements in the M&A success rate. In this article‚ we examine corpo- rate combinations
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Mergers & Acquisitions + = Branding as an engine for mergers and acquisitions MetaDesign Unit 2601‚ Zhongyu Plaza A6 Gongti North Road 100027 Beijing +86·10·85 23 57 88 www.metadesign.cn Leibnizstraße 65 10629 Berlin +49·30·59 00 54·0 www.metadesign.de Grafenberger Allee 100 40237 Düsseldorf +49·211·69 07 87·0 www.metadesign.de 615 Battery Street San Francisco‚ CA 94111 +1·415·627 07 90 www.metadesign.com Klausstrasse 26 8008 Zürich +41·44·560 34·00 www.metadesign.ch Mergers and acquisitions
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| |Faysal Bank- | |Effects of Merger | |Organizational Behavior
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Introduction With the accelerated internationalization‚ a great number of strategies and tactics are adopted by either multinational companies or regional firms in order to obtain global market shares as much as possible. Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) are one of methods for a corporation to grow and expand its global business. Globally‚ the value of M&A increased by 19%‚ up to USD 2.25 trillion in 2010‚ with amount of USD378 billion contributed by the emerging markets contributed. (http://www
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Why are there mergers and acquisitions? Mergers and acquisitions take place for a number of reasons‚ such as refinancing for a better price‚ amplifying expansion‚ and submerging risk through diversification. New entities may drag behind after a merger takes place due to the higher cost of matching different and unconnected economic activities. Diversification by business groups may also reduce technical effectiveness. When a merger takes place‚ a bigger business groups emerges from the two which
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Hofstede Cultural Dimension imensions * Description for each of Hofstede’s Dimensions listed below Indonesia has Power Distance (PDI) as its highest ranking Hofstede Dimension at 78. The high Power Distance (PDI) is indicative of a high level of inequality of power and wealth within the society. This condition is not necessarily forced upon the population‚ but rather accepted by the society as part of their cultural heritage. The average Power Distance for the greater Asian countries is 71
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Mergers and Acquisitions in Global Scenario By Shahwar Gul In the post- liberalization era‚ the demand for intense growth and development in business has paved the way for the companies to undergo the process of amalgamation‚ takeover‚ reconstruction and re-organization. Mergers and acquisitions have become imperative tools in structuring a new generation of organizations with the clout and resources to withstand and compete on a global basis. The field of M&A has undergone drastic and dramatic
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